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Part I of this paper embeds the AC power flow problem with voltage control and exponential load model in the complex plane. Modeling the action of network controllers that regulate the magnitude of voltage phasors is a challenging task in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Sina Sadeghi Baghsorkhi , Sergey Pavlovich Suetin

Balanced steady operation state in power networks changes over time. Traditional power flow algorithm is focused on the steady operation state under a certain time point and calculates the corresponding voltage and power distributions for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-24 Zongjie Wang , C. Lindsay Anderson

Modern state and parameter estimations in power systems consist of two stages: the outer problem of minimizing the mismatch between network observation and prediction over the network parameters, and the inner problem of predicting the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-29 Laurent Pagnier , Michael Chertkov

This note outlines the exact solution to the power flow problem in AC electrical networks under the assumption of 'flat' or uniform voltage profiles. This solution generalises the common 'DC power flow' approach to electrical network…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Anthony B. Morton

Power flow calculation methods have been developed in decades using power injections and Newton-Raphson method. The nonlinear characteristics of the power flow to the bus voltage require Jacobian matrix reformation and refactorization in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-25 Renchang Dai , Xiang Zhang , Junjie Shi , Guangyi Liu , Chen Yuan , Zhiwei Wang

Topology optimization is a promising approach for mitigating congestion and managing changing grid conditions, but it is computationally challenging and requires approximations. Conventional distribution factors like PTDFs and LODFs, based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Maurizio Titz , Dirk Witthaut , Joost van Dijk , Benjamin Petrick , Nico Westerbeck

The AC power flow equations describe the steady-state behavior of the power grid. While many algorithms have been developed to compute solutions to the power flow equations, few theoretical results are available characterizing when such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-19 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Enrique Mallada , John W Simpson-Porco

Part II of this paper elaborates on the unique capability of the proposed power flow analysis framework to obtain the true solution corresponding to the stable operating point of a network. It explains the significance of obtaining the true…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Sina S. Baghsorkhi , Sergey P. Suetin

This paper derives analytical closed-form expressions that uncover the contributions of nodal active- and reactive-power injections to the active- and reactive-power flows on transmission lines in an AC electrical network. Paying due homage…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Yu Christine Chen , Sairaj Dhople

This paper proposes a new linear power flow model for distribution system with accurate voltage magnitude estimates. The new model can be seen as a generalization of LinDistFlow model to multiphase distribution system with generic network…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Jianqiao Huang , Bai Cui , Xinyang Zhou , Andrey Bernstein

This paper focuses on cascading line failures in the transmission system of the power grid. Recent large-scale power outages demonstrated the limitations of percolation- and epid- emic-based tools in modeling cascades. Hence, we study…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-02-11 Saleh Soltan , Dorian Mazauric , Gil Zussman

Power flow analysis is used to evaluate the flow of electricity in the power system network. Power flow calculation is used to determine the steady-state variables of the system, such as the voltage magnitude/phase angle of each bus and the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Thuan Pham , Xingpeng Li

The problem of optimal control of power distribution systems is becoming increasingly compelling due to the progressive penetration of distributed energy resources in this specific layer of the electrical infrastructure. Distribution…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Konstantina Christakou , Jean-Yves Le Boudec , Mario Paolone , Dan-Cristian Tomozei

Power flow refers to the injection of power on the lines of an electrical grid, so that all the injections at the nodes form a consistent flow within the network. Optimality, in this setting, is usually intended as the minimization of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-25 Daniel Bienstock , Mauro Escobar , Claudio Gentile , Leo Liberti

Managing power grids with the increasing presence of variable renewable energy-based (distributed) generation involves solving high-dimensional optimization tasks at short intervals. Linearizing the AC power flow (PF) constraints is a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Yuhao Chen , Manish K. Singh

The DC Power Flow approximation has been widely used for decades in both industry and academia due to its computational speed and simplicity, but suffers from inaccuracy, in part due to the assumption of a lossless network. Here we present…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-21 John W. Simpson-Porco

Significant progress in the construction of physical hardware for quantum computers has necessitated the development of new algorithms or protocols for the application of real-world problems on quantum computers. One of these problems is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Ekin Erdem Aygül , Melih Can Topal , Ufuk Korkmaz , Deniz Türkpençe

The classical optimal power flow problem optimizes the power flow in a power network considering the associated flow and operating constraints. In this paper, we investigate optimal power flow in the context of utility-maximizing demand…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Majid Khonji , Chi-Kin Chau , Khaled Elbassioni

In this paper, we address the problem of coordinating a set of distributed energy resources (DERs) to regulate voltage in power distribution systems to desired levels. To this end, we formulate the voltage control problem as an optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Hanchen Xu , Alejandro D. Domínguez-García , Peter W. Sauer

Modern power systems face a grand challenge in grid management due to increased electricity demand, imminent disturbances, and uncertainties associated with renewable generation, which can compromise grid security. The security assessment…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Mazhar Ali , Elena Gryazina , Anatoly Dymarsky , Petr Vorobev