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Semi-supervised learning by self-training heavily relies on pseudo-label selection (PLS). The selection often depends on the initial model fit on labeled data. Early overfitting might thus be propagated to the final model by selecting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-27 Julian Rodemann , Jann Goschenhofer , Emilio Dorigatti , Thomas Nagler , Thomas Augustin

The Bayesian approach to machine learning amounts to computing posterior distributions of random variables from a probabilistic model of how the variables are related (that is, a prior distribution) and a set of observations of variables.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Johannes Borgström , Andrew D Gordon , Michael Greenberg , James Margetson , Jurgen Van Gael

The present phase of Machine Learning is characterized by supervised learning algorithms relying on large sets of labeled examples ($n \to \infty$). The next phase is likely to focus on algorithms capable of learning from very few labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-03-12 Fabio Anselmi , Joel Z. Leibo , Lorenzo Rosasco , Jim Mutch , Andrea Tacchetti , Tomaso Poggio

We study Bayesian hypernetworks: a framework for approximate Bayesian inference in neural networks. A Bayesian hypernetwork $\h$ is a neural network which learns to transform a simple noise distribution, $p(\vec\epsilon) = \N(\vec 0,\mat…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-26 David Krueger , Chin-Wei Huang , Riashat Islam , Ryan Turner , Alexandre Lacoste , Aaron Courville

The advent of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has heralded an inflection point that changed how society thinks about knowledge acquisition. While GAI cannot be fully trusted for decision-making, it may still provide valuable…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-20 Sean O'Hagan , Veronika Ročková

Bayesian inference allows machine learning models to express uncertainty. Current machine learning models use only a single learnable parameter combination when making predictions, and as a result are highly overconfident when their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Andrew Wood , Moshik Hershcovitch , Daniel Waddington , Sarel Cohen , Peter Chin

Bayesian learning is ubiquitous for implementing classification and regression tasks, however, it is accompanied by computationally intractable limitations when the feature spaces become extremely large. Aiming to solve this problem, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 Yusen Wu , Chao-hua Yu , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Fei Gao

Multi-task learning leverages shared information among data sets to improve the learning performance of individual tasks. The paper applies this framework for data where each task is a phase-shifted periodic time series. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Yuyang Wang , Roni Khardon , Pavlos Protopapas

Achieving robust uncertainty quantification for deep neural networks represents an important requirement in many real-world applications of deep learning such as medical imaging where it is necessary to assess the reliability of a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Tim Rensmeyer , Oliver Niggemann

Meta-learning aims to extract useful inductive biases from a set of related datasets. In Bayesian meta-learning, this is typically achieved by constructing a prior distribution over neural network parameters. However, specifying families of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Krunoslav Lehman Pavasovic , Jonas Rothfuss , Andreas Krause

State-space models are successfully used in many areas of science, engineering and economics to model time series and dynamical systems. We present a fully Bayesian approach to inference \emph{and learning} (i.e. state estimation and system…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-18 Roger Frigola , Fredrik Lindsten , Thomas B. Schön , Carl E. Rasmussen

Unsupervised models can provide supplementary soft constraints to help classify new target data under the assumption that similar objects in the target set are more likely to share the same class label. Such models can also help detect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Ayan Acharya , Eduardo R. Hruschka , Joydeep Ghosh , Badrul Sarwar , Jean-David Ruvini

We introduce scalable algorithms for online learning of neural network parameters and Bayesian sequential decision making. Unlike classical Bayesian neural networks, which induce predictive uncertainty through a posterior over model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Gerardo Duran-Martin , Leandro Sánchez-Betancourt , Álvaro Cartea , Kevin Murphy

Class imbalance remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning, where standard classifiers exhibit severe performance degradation in minority classes. Although existing approaches address imbalance through resampling or cost-sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zahir Alsulaimawi

A common problem in Machine Learning and statistics consists in detecting whether the current sample in a stream of data belongs to the same distribution as previous ones, is an isolated outlier or inaugurates a new distribution of data. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-16 Vincent Moens

The remarkable generalization performance of large-scale models has been challenging the conventional wisdom of the statistical learning theory. Although recent theoretical studies have shed light on this behavior in linear models and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-18 Tomoya Wakayama

The rising interest in Bayesian deep learning (BDL) has led to a plethora of methods for estimating the posterior distribution. However, efficient computation of inferences, such as predictions, has been largely overlooked with Monte Carlo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Rui Li , Marcus Klasson , Arno Solin , Martin Trapp

This paper analyzes the convergence and generalization of training a one-hidden-layer neural network when the input features follow the Gaussian mixture model consisting of a finite number of Gaussian distributions. Assuming the labels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Hongkang Li , Shuai Zhang , Meng Wang

Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) provide a probabilistic interpretation for deep learning models by imposing a prior distribution over model parameters and inferring a posterior distribution based on observed data. The model sampled from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Van-Anh Nguyen , Tung-Long Vuong , Hoang Phan , Thanh-Toan Do , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

We develop a sequential low-complexity inference procedure for Dirichlet process mixtures of Gaussians for online clustering and parameter estimation when the number of clusters are unknown a-priori. We present an easily computable, closed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-09-15 Theodoros Tsiligkaridis , Keith W. Forsythe
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