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Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Large Language Models (LLMs), while demonstrating remarkable capabilities across various applications, present significant challenges during inference due to their substantial model size, especially when deployed on edge devices. Activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhenyu Zhang , Zechun Liu , Yuandong Tian , Harshit Khaitan , Zhangyang Wang , Steven Li

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have achieved huge success in the natural language processing (NLP) field, driving a growing demand to extend their deployment from the cloud to edge devices. However, deploying LLMs on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yanbiao Liang , Huihong Shi , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Despite the non-autoregressive potential of diffusion language models (dLLMs), existing decoding strategies demonstrate positional bias, failing to fully unlock the potential of arbitrary generation. In this work, we delve into the inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Siyang He , Qiqi Wang , Xiaoran Liu , Hongnan Ma , Yiwei Shi , Yuerong Song , Ying Zhu , Tianyi Liang , Zengfeng Huang , Ziwei He , Xipeng Qiu

Large-scale AI models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs) and Diffusion Models (DMs), have grown rapidly in size, creating significant challenges for efficient deployment on resource-constrained hardware. In this paper, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Mohsen Hariri , Shaochen Zhong , Vipin Chaudhary , Yang Sui , Xia Hu , Anshumali Shrivastava

This paper introduces a novel technique to preserve spectral features in lossy compression based on a novel fast Fourier correction algorithm\added{ for regular-grid data}. Preserving both spatial and frequency representations of data is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Congrong Ren , Robert Underwood , Sheng Di , Emrecan Kutay , Zarija Lukic , Aylin Yener , Franck Cappello , Hanqi Guo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Multi-agent Large Language Model (LLM) systems face a critical bottleneck: redundant transmission of contextual information between agents consumes excessive bandwidth and computational resources. Traditional approaches discard internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Boris Kriuk , Logic Ng

Large Language Models (LLMs) face challenges for on-device inference due to high memory demands. Traditional methods to reduce memory usage often compromise performance and lack adaptability. We propose FlexInfer, an optimized offloading…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Hongchao Du , Shangyu Wu , Arina Kharlamova , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

Device-edge co-inference, which partitions a deep neural network between a resource-constrained mobile device and an edge server, recently emerges as a promising paradigm to support intelligent mobile applications. To accelerate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Xinjie Zhang , Jiawei Shao , Yuyi Mao , Jun Zhang

This paper proposes \textit{layer fusion} - a model compression technique that discovers which weights to combine and then fuses weights of similar fully-connected, convolutional and attention layers. Layer fusion can significantly reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-30 James O' Neill , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Long-context inference for Large Language Models (LLMs) is heavily limited by high computational demands. While several existing methods optimize attention computation, they still process the full set of hidden states at each layer,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lingkun Long , Rubing Yang , Yushi Huang , Desheng Hui , Ao Zhou , Jianlei Yang

Large language models (LLMs) are proliferating rapidly at the edge, delivering intelligent capabilities across diverse application scenarios. However, their practical deployment in collaborative scenarios confronts fundamental challenges:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xiumei Deng , Zehui Xiong , Binbin Chen , Dong In Kim , Merouane Debbah , H. Vincent Poor

Modern foundation models such as large language models (LLMs) and large multi-modal models (LMMs) require a massive amount of computational and memory resources. We propose a new framework to convert such LLMs/LMMs into a reduced-dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu , Wang , Matthew Brand

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their remarkable performance across various tasks. However, to mitigate the issue of hallucinations, LLMs often incorporate retrieval-augmented pipeline to provide them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Haowen Hou , Fei Ma , Binwen Bai , Xinxin Zhu , Fei Yu

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks without weight updates by learning from demonstration sequences. While ICL shows strong empirical performance, its internal representational mechanisms are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jiachen Jiang , Yuxin Dong , Jinxin Zhou , Zhihui Zhu

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive mathematical reasoning capabilities, yet how they compute basic arithmetic, such as addition, remains unclear. This paper shows that pre-trained LLMs add numbers using Fourier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Tianyi Zhou , Deqing Fu , Vatsal Sharan , Robin Jia

The emergence of accurate open large language models (LLMs) has sparked a push for advanced quantization techniques to enable efficient deployment on end-user devices. In this paper, we revisit the challenge of extreme LLM compression --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zhixiong Zhao , Fangxin Liu , Junjie Wang , Chenyang Guan , Zongwu Wang , Li Jiang , Haibing Guan

Transformers have emerged as the backbone of large language models (LLMs). However, generation remains inefficient due to the need to store in memory a cache of key-value representations for past tokens, whose size scales linearly with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Piotr Nawrot , Adrian Łańcucki , Marcin Chochowski , David Tarjan , Edoardo M. Ponti