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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse applications. However, their computational overhead during deployment remains a critical bottleneck. While Key-Value (KV) caching effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Insu Han , Zeliang Zhang , Zhiyuan Wang , Yifan Zhu , Susan Liang , Jiani Liu , Haiting Lin , Mingjie Zhao , Chenliang Xu , Kun Wan , Wentian Zhao

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have achieved great success by significantly improving performance while maintaining computational efficiency through sparse expert activation. However, their enormous parameter sizes and memory demands pose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zukang Xu , Zhixiong Zhao , Xing Hu , Zhixuan Chen , Dawei Yang

The growing context length of Large Language Models (LLMs) enlarges the Key-Value (KV) cache, limiting deployment in resource-limited environments. Prior training-free approaches for KV cache compression typically rely on low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yixuan Wang , Qingyu Shi , Jiayu Zhou , Dianbo Liu , Ziwei He , Zhouhan Lin

In Visual Document Understanding (VDU) tasks, fine-tuning a pre-trained Vision-Language Model (VLM) with new datasets often falls short in optimizing the vision encoder to identify query-specific regions in text-rich document images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Binh M. Le , Shaoyuan Xu , Jinmiao Fu , Zhishen Huang , Moyan Li , Yanhui Guo , Hongdong Li , Sameera Ramasinghe , Bryan Wang

We address the critical gap between the computational demands of vision-language models and the possible ultra-low-bit weight precision (bitwidth $\leq2$ bits) we can use for higher efficiency. Our work is motivated by the substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Xijun Wang , Junyun Huang , Rayyan Abdalla , Chengyuan Zhang , Ruiqi Xian , Dinesh Manocha

Rank minimization can be converted into tractable surrogate problems, such as Nuclear Norm Minimization (NNM) and Weighted NNM (WNNM). The problems related to NNM, or WNNM, can be solved iteratively by applying a closed-form proximal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Tae-Hyun Oh , Yasuyuki Matsushita , Yu-Wing Tai , In So Kweon

The massive scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made pretraining increasingly cost-prohibitive. While low-rank representation and orthonormal weight matrices could in principle reduce parameter counts and computational overhead,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kaivan Kamali , Kajetan Schweighofer , Hormoz Shahrzad , Olivier Francon , Babak Hodjat , Risto Miikkulainen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse domains but remain inefficient during the autoregressive decoding phase. Unlike the prefill stage, which employs compute-bound GEMM operations, decoding…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bowen Duan , Cong Guo , Chiyue Wei , Haoxuan Shan , Yuzhe Fu , Xinhua Chen , Yifan Xu , Ziyue Zhang , Changchun Zhou , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

The massive scale of pretrained models has made efficient compression essential for practical deployment. Low-rank decomposition based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) provides a principled approach for model reduction, but its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki

KV cache pruning has emerged as a promising technique for reducing memory and computation costs in long-context auto-regressive generation. Existing methods for vision-language models (VLMs) typically rely on self-attention scores from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Xiaohuan Pei , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

Continual learning in large language models (LLMs) is prone to catastrophic forgetting, where adapting to new tasks significantly degrades performance on previously learned ones. Existing methods typically rely on low-rank,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are very demanding in terms of their computational resources. Low-rank decompositions of LLM weights, e.g. via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), is a promising approach for LLM compression, but presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Roman Rausch , David Jansen , Sukhbinder Singh , Román Orús

Large Language Models (LLMs) confront significant memory challenges due to the escalating KV cache with increasing sequence length. As a crucial technique, existing cross-layer KV cache sharing methods either necessitate modified model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yixuan Wang , Haoyu Qiao , Lujun Li , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of downstream natural language processing tasks. Nevertheless, their considerable sizes and memory demands hinder practical deployment, underscoring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Haolei Bai , Siyong Jian , Tuo Liang , Yu Yin , Huan Wang

We describe KVLink, an approach for efficient key-value (KV) cache reuse in large language models (LLMs). In many LLM applications, different inputs can share overlapping context, such as the same retrieved document appearing in multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao , Shiyu Chang

We propose a compression based continual task learning method that can dynamically grow a neural network. Inspired from the recent model compression techniques, we employ compression-aware training and perform low-rank weight approximations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Varigonda Pavan Teja , Priyadarshini Panda

With the advancements in long-context inference capabilities of large language models (LLMs), the KV cache has become one of the foundational components. However, its substantial GPU memory consumption makes KV cache compression a key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Youhui Zuo , Sibo Wei , Chen Zhang , Zhuorui Liu , Wenpeng Lu , Dawei Song

Long-context Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demand substantial computational resources for inference as the growth of their multimodal Key-Value (KV) cache, in response to increasing input lengths, challenges memory and time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Zhongwei Wan , Ziang Wu , Che Liu , Jinfa Huang , Zhihong Zhu , Peng Jin , Longyue Wang , Li Yuan

Key-value (KV) cache compression has emerged as a critical technique for reducing the memory and latency overhead of autoregressive language models during inference. Prior approaches predominantly rely on query-key attention scores to rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) fail at quantitative spatial reasoning because their architectures destroy pixel-level information required for counting and measurements. Vision encoders compress images through patch embeddings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peter A. Massih , Eric Cosatto