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Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is the study of multi-agent interactions in a shared environment. Communication for cooperation is a fundamental construct for sharing information in partially observable environments. Cooperative Multi-Agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Nancirose Piazza , Vahid Behzadan

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as an effective paradigm for complex and long-horizon tasks. However, in real-world tasks, MAS often exhibit various failures during execution and such failures are difficult to eliminate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhezheng Hao , Tianfu Wang , Huanshuo Dong , Ziyan Liu , Hong Wang , Xiankun Lin , Qiang Lin , Can Wang , Hande Dong , Jiawei Chen

Communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been proven to effectively promote cooperation among agents recently. Since communication in real-world scenarios is vulnerable to noises and adversarial attacks, it is crucial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lebin Yu , Yunbo Qiu , Quanming Yao , Yuan Shen , Xudong Zhang , Jian Wang

Traditional, centralized security tools often miss adaptive, multi-vector attacks. We present the Multi-Agent LLM Cyber Defense Framework (MALCDF), a practical setup where four large language model (LLM) agents-Detection, Intelligence,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Arth Bhardwaj , Sia Godika , Yuvam Loonker

Nowadays, single Large Language Model (LLM) struggles with critical issues such as hallucination and inadequate reasoning abilities. To mitigate these issues, Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has emerged as an effective strategy, where LLM agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yiliu Sun , Zicheng Zhao , Sheng Wan , Chen Gong

The emergence of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents capable of tool usage has introduced new safety risks that go beyond traditional conversational misuse. These agents, empowered to execute external functions, are vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zeyang Sha , Hanling Tian , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

With the rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents and Multi-agent Systems (MAS) have significantly expanded the capabilities of LLM ecosystems. This evolution stems from empowering LLMs with additional modules such…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Miao Yu , Fanci Meng , Xinyun Zhou , Shilong Wang , Junyuan Mao , Linsey Pang , Tianlong Chen , Kun Wang , Xinfeng Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Bo An , Qingsong Wen

Autonomous AI agents powered by Large Language Models can reason, plan, and execute complex tasks, but their ability to autonomously retrieve information and run code introduces significant security risks. Existing approaches attempt to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Hongyi Lu , Nian Liu , Shuai Wang , Fengwei Zhang

Multi-agent debate (MAD) systems leverage collaborative interactions among large language models (LLMs) agents to improve reasoning capabilities. While recent studies have focused on increasing the accuracy and scalability of MAD systems,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Yu Cui , Hongyang Du

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the emergence of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to perform complex tasks through collaboration. However, the intricate nature of MAS, including their architecture and agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Liwen Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Shuai Wang , Zongjie Li , Zhenlan Ji , Zongyi Lyu , Daoyuan Wu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agent systems are increasingly deployed for complex real-world tasks but remain vulnerable to natural language-based attacks that exploit over-privileged tool use. This paper aims to understand and mitigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zimo Ji , Daoyuan Wu , Wenyuan Jiang , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Yudong Gao , Shuai Wang , Yingjiu Li

Autonomous agents are increasingly deployed in both offensive and defensive cyber operations, creating high-speed, closed-loop interactions in critical infrastructure environments. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) actors exploit "Living off…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yiyao Zhang , Diksha Goel , Hussain Ahmad

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and reasoning, offering new opportunities for intelligent assistive systems, yet existing systems still struggle with risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Renjun Gao

Advanced manipulation techniques have provided criminals with opportunities to make social panic or gain illicit profits through the generation of deceptive media, such as forged face images. In response, various deepfake detection methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Ruiyang Xia , Decheng Liu , Jie Li , Lin Yuan , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao

This paper introduces a decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning framework enabling structurally heterogeneous teams of agents to jointly discover and acquire randomly located targets in environments characterized by partial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Gabriele Calzolari , Vidya Sumathy , Christoforos Kanellakis , George Nikolakopoulos

Multi-agent debate (MAD) is an emerging approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Existing MAD methods rely on multiple rounds of interaction among agents to reach consensus, and the final output is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yu Cui , Hang Fu , Haibin Zhang , Licheng Wang , Cong Zuo

Detection of adversarial examples has been a hot topic in the last years due to its importance for safely deploying machine learning algorithms in critical applications. However, the detection methods are generally validated by assuming a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Federica Granese , Marine Picot , Marco Romanelli , Francisco Messina , Pablo Piantanida

As the development of large language models (LLMs) rapidly advances, securing these models effectively without compromising their utility has become a pivotal area of research. However, current defense strategies against jailbreak attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Caishuang Huang , Wanxu Zhao , Rui Zheng , Huijie Lv , Wenyu Zhan , Shihan Dou , Sixian Li , Xiao Wang , Enyu Zhou , Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have empowered nodes within multi-agent networks with intelligence, showing growing applications in both academia and industry. However, how to prevent these networks from generating malicious information…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Miao Yu , Shilong Wang , Guibin Zhang , Junyuan Mao , Chenlong Yin , Qijiong Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Large language model-based multi-agent systems have recently gained significant attention due to their potential for complex, collaborative, and intelligent problem-solving capabilities. Existing surveys typically categorize LLM-based…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Bingyu Yan , Zhibo Zhou , Litian Zhang , Lian Zhang , Ziyi Zhou , Dezhuang Miao , Zhoujun Li , Chaozhuo Li , Xiaoming Zhang
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