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Related papers: LLM-VeriPPA: Power, Performance, and Area Optimiza…

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Performance, power, and area (PPA) optimization is a fundamental task in RTL design, requiring a precise understanding of circuit functionality and the relationship between circuit structures and PPA metrics. Recent studies attempt to…

Large language models (LLMs) can translate natural language into optimization code, but silent failures pose a critical risk: code that executes and returns solver-feasible solutions may encode semantically incorrect formulations -- a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Junbo Jacob Lian , Yujun Sun , Huiling Chen , Chaoyu Zhang , Hanzhang Qin , Chung-Piaw Teo

Novel AI-based code-writing Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's Codex have demonstrated capabilities in many coding-adjacent domains. In this work we consider how LLMs maybe leveraged to automatically repair security relevant bugs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Baleegh Ahmad , Shailja Thakur , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Hammond Pearce

Recent advances in code generation have illuminated the potential of employing large language models (LLMs) for general-purpose programming languages such as Python and C++, opening new opportunities for automating software development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jiahao Gai , Hao Mark Chen , Zhican Wang , Hongyu Zhou , Wanru Zhao , Nicholas Lane , Hongxiang Fan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated in software development, but ensuring correctness in LLM-generated code remains challenging and often requires costly manual review. Verifiable code generation -- jointly generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zhe Ye , Zhengxu Yan , Jingxuan He , Timothe Kasriel , Kaiyu Yang , Dawn Song

Large language models (LLMs) like GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT have emerged as powerful tools for code generation, significantly enhancing productivity and accelerating software development. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Yixi Wu , Pengfei He , Zehao Wang , Shaowei Wang , Yuan Tian , Tse-Hsun Chen

Despite limited success in large language model (LLM)-based register-transfer-level (RTL) code generation, the root causes of errors remain poorly understood. To address this, we conduct a comprehensive error analysis, finding that most…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiazheng Zhang , Cheng Liu , Long Cheng , Xiaowei Li , Huawei Li

Mechanism design has long been a cornerstone of economic theory, with traditional approaches relying on mathematical derivations. Recently, automated approaches, including differentiable economics with neural networks, have emerged for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiayuan Liu , Mingyu Guo , Vincent Conitzer

Optimizing Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code is crucial for improving hardware PPA performance. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new approaches for automatic RTL code generation and optimization. However, existing methods often lack…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Bowei Wang , Qi Xiong , Zeqing Xiang , Lei Wang , Renzhi Chen

LLMs can generate hardware descriptions from natural language specifications, but the resulting Verilog often contains width mismatches, combinational loops, and incomplete case logic that pass syntax checks yet fail in synthesis or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jing Xiong , Qi Han , Chenchen Ding , He Xiao , Zunhai Su , Chaofan Tao , Ngai Wong

This study presents a comprehensive empirical evaluation of six state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) for code generation, including both general-purpose and code-specialized models. Using a dataset of 944 real-world LeetCode…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Le Zhang , Suresh Kothari

Bug localization in Verilog code is a crucial and time-consuming task during the verification of hardware design. Since introduction, Large Language Models (LLMs) have showed their strong programming capabilities. However, no work has yet…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Bingkun Yao , Ning Wang , Jie Zhou , Xi Wang , Hong Gao , Zhe Jiang , Nan Guan

Large language models (LLMs) have gained increasing popularity in robotic task planning due to their exceptional abilities in text analytics and generation, as well as their broad knowledge of the world. However, they fall short in decoding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Aoran Mei , Guo-Niu Zhu , Huaxiang Zhang , Zhongxue Gan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in software engineering to generate, complete, translate, and fix code, improving developer productivity. While most research focuses on the energy consumption and carbon emissions of model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sabiya Banu Masthan Ali , Oussema Kirmani , Aroosa Hameed , Syed Muhammad Danish , Gautam Srivastava

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing (NLP). LLMs require an extreme amount of parameters to attain high performance. As models grow into the trillion-parameter range,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Zhyar Rzgar K Rostam , Sándor Szénási , Gábor Kertész

A critical stage in the evolving landscape of VLSI design is the design phase that is transformed into register-transfer level (RTL), which specifies system functionality through hardware description languages like Verilog. Generally,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Anindita Chattopadhyay , Vijay Kumar Sutrakar

In last two years, large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in code generation, including hardware design at register-transfer level (RTL). While their use in high-level synthesis (HLS) remains comparatively less mature,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 M Zafir Sadik Khan , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with potential applications in various fields, including software engineering. Within the scope of this research, we evaluate five different state-of-the-art LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Luis Mayer , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code from natural language, but their performance is highly sensitive to prompt formulation. We propose a reinforcement-learning-based framework that models prompt refinement as a sequential…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ali Mohammadi Esfahani , Nafiseh Kahani , Samuel A. Ajila

Debugging functional Verilog bugs consumes a significant portion of front-end design time. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in mitigating this effort, existing LLM-based automated debugging methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Bingkun Yao , Ning Wang , Xiangfeng Liu , Yuxin Du , Yuchen Hu , Hong Gao , Zhe Jiang , Nan Guan