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Related papers: LLM-VeriPPA: Power, Performance, and Area Optimiza…

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The rapid adoption of large language models(LLMs) in hardware design has primarily focused on generating functionally correct Verilog code, overlooking critical Power Performance-Area(PPA) metrics essential for industrial-grade designs. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kimia Tasnia , Alexander Garcia , Tasnuva Farheen , Sazadur Rahman

The increasing use of Advanced Language Models (ALMs) in diverse sectors, particularly due to their impressive capability to generate top-tier content following linguistic instructions, forms the core of this investigation. This study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Kiran Thorat , Jiahui Zhao , Yaotian Liu , Hongwu Peng , Xi Xie , Bin Lei , Jeff Zhang , Caiwen Ding

Automating hardware design could obviate a significant amount of human error from the engineering process and lead to fewer errors. Verilog is a popular hardware description language to model and design digital systems, thus generating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Zhenxing Fan , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Recently, there has been a surging interest in using large language models (LLMs) for Verilog code generation. However, the existing approaches are limited in terms of the quality of the generated Verilog code. To address such limitations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Bardia Nadimi , Hao Zheng

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hardware design has taken off in recent years, principally through its incorporation in tools that increase chip designer productivity. There has been considerable discussion about the use of LLMs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Nicolas Dupuis , Ravi Nair , Shyam Ramji , Sean McClintock , Nishant Chauhan , Priyanka Nagpal , Bart Blaner , Ken Valk , Leon Stok , Ruchir Puri

Code generation has emerged as a critical research area at the intersection of Software Engineering (SE) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), attracting significant attention from both academia and industry. Within this broader landscape,…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

Large Language Models have emerged as powerful tools for automating Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code generation, yet they face critical limitations: existing approaches typically fail to simultaneously optimize functional correctness and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhirong Chen , Kaiyan Chang , Zhuolin Li , Cangyuan Li , Xinyang He , Chujie Chen , Mengdi Wang , Haobo Xu , Yinhe Han , Huawei Li , Ying Wang

The increasing popularity of large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for their application in diverse domains. This paper proposes a benchmarking framework tailored specifically for evaluating LLM performance in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mingjie Liu , Nathaniel Pinckney , Brucek Khailany , Haoxing Ren

In this study, we explore the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate hardware design by generating high-quality Verilog code, a common language for designing and modeling digital systems. We fine-tune pre-existing LLMs on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Ramesh Karri , Siddharth Garg

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in generating Verilog code from module specifications. To improve the quality of such generated Verilog codes, previous methods require either time-consuming manual…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zhuorui Zhao , Ruidi Qiu , Ing-Chao Lin , Grace Li Zhang , Bing Li , Ulf Schlichtmann

As large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT exhibited unprecedented machine intelligence, it also shows great performance in assisting hardware engineers to realize higher-efficiency logic design via natural language interaction. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kaiyan Chang , Ying Wang , Haimeng Ren , Mengdi Wang , Shengwen Liang , Yinhe Han , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Optimizing Register Transfer Level (RTL) code is crucial for improving the power, performance, and area (PPA) of digital circuits in the early stages of synthesis. Manual rewriting, guided by synthesis feedback, can yield high-quality…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yiting Wang , Wanghao Ye , Ping Guo , Yexiao He , Ziyao Wang , Bowei Tian , Shwai He , Guoheng Sun , Zheyu Shen , Sihan Chen , Ankur Srivastava , Qingfu Zhang , Gang Qu , Ang Li

The application of large-language models (LLMs) to digital hardware code generation is an emerging field, with most LLMs primarily trained on natural language and software code. Hardware code like Verilog constitutes a small portion of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Nathaniel Pinckney , Christopher Batten , Mingjie Liu , Haoxing Ren , Brucek Khailany

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining popularity for hardware design automation, particularly through Register Transfer Level (RTL) code generation. In this work, we examine the current literature on RTL generation using LLMs and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Paul E. Calzada , Zahin Ibnat , Tanvir Rahman , Kamal Kandula , Danyu Lu , Sujan Kumar Saha , Farimah Farahmandi , Mark Tehranipoor

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

Recently, the use of large language models (LLMs) for software code generation, e.g., C/C++ and Python, has proven a great success. However, LLMs still suffer from low syntactic and functional correctness when it comes to the generation of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Mingzhe Gao , Jieru Zhao , Zhe Lin , Wenchao Ding , Xiaofeng Hou , Yu Feng , Chao Li , Minyi Guo

Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated their potential for automated generation of hardware description language (HDL) code from high-level prompts. Researchers have utilized fine-tuning to enhance the ability of these…

The rapid progress of artificial intelligence increasingly relies on efficient integrated circuit (IC) design. Recent studies have explored the use of large language models (LLMs) for generating Register Transfer Level (RTL) code, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yao Lu , Shang Liu , Hangan Zhou , Wenji Fang , Qijun Zhang , Zhiyao Xie

Traditionally, designs are written in Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and debugged by hardware engineers. While this approach is effective, it is time-consuming and error-prone for complex designs. Large language models (LLMs)…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Shailja Thakur , Jason Blocklove , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri
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