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Graph connectivity and network design problems are among the most fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization. The minimum spanning tree problem, the two edge-connected spanning subgraph problem (2-ECSS) and the tree augmentation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-14 David Adjiashvili , Felix Hommelsheim , Moritz Mühlenthaler

Temporal graphs are a special class of graphs for which a temporal component is added to edges, that is, each edge possesses a set of times at which it is available and can be traversed. Many classical problems on graphs can be translated…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Lapo Cioni , Riccardo Dondi , Andrea Marino , Jason Schoeters , Ana Silva

In a temporal graph, each edge is available at specific points in time. Such an availability point is often represented by a ''temporal edge'' that can be traversed from its tail only at a specific departure time, for arriving in its head…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Filippo Brunelli , Laurent Viennot

Temporal graphs are graphs whose topology is subject to discrete changes over time. Given a static underlying graph $G$, a temporal graph is represented by assigning a set of integer time-labels to every edge $e$ of $G$, indicating the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-30 George B. Mertzios , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Viktor Zamaraev , Philipp Zschoche

Many types of dynamic networks are made up of durable entities whose links evolve over time. When considered from a {\em global} and {\em discrete} standpoint, these networks are often modelled as evolving graphs, i.e. a sequence of graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Arnaud Casteigts , Ralf Klasing , Yessin M. Neggaz , Joseph G. Peters

We introduce in a general setting a dynamic programming method for solving reconfiguration problems. Our method is based on contracted solution graphs, which are obtained from solution graphs by performing an appropriate series of edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Paul Bonsma , Daniel Paulusma

Temporal graphs are graphs with time-stamped edges. We study the problem of finding a small vertex set (the separator) with respect to two designated terminal vertices such that the removal of the set eliminates all temporal paths…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Philipp Zschoche , Till Fluschnik , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier

Connectivity query processing is a fundamental problem in graph processing. Given an undirected graph and two query vertices, the problem aims to identify whether they are connected via a path. Given frequent edge updates in real graph…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Lantian Xu , Junhua Zhang , Dong Wen , Lu Qin , Ying Zhang , Xuemin Lin

In this paper we show how to combine two algorithmic techniques to obtain linear time algorithms for various optimization problems on graphs, and present a subroutine which will be useful in doing so. The first technique is iterative…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Zhentao Li , Bruce Reed

Graph modification problems are typically asked as follows: is there a small set of operations that transforms a given graph to have a certain property. The most commonly considered operations include vertex deletion, edge deletion, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-02 Yixin Cao , Dániel Marx

Dynamic Connectivity is a fundamental algorithmic graph problem, motivated by a wide range of applications to social and communication networks and used as a building block in various other algorithms, such as the bi-connectivity and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Alexander Fedorov , Nikita Koval , Dan Alistarh

The sparsest cut problem consists of identifying a small set of edges that breaks the graph into balanced sets of vertices. The normalized cut problem balances the total degree, instead of the size, of the resulting sets. Applications of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Arlei Silva , Ambuj Singh , Ananthram Swami

We consider temporal graphs with discrete time labels and investigate the size and the approximability of minimum temporally connected spanning subgraphs. We present a family of minimally connected temporal graphs with $n$ vertices and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Kyriakos Axiotis , Dimitris Fotakis

A temporal graph $\mathcal{G}=(G,\lambda)$ can be represented by an underlying graph $G=(V,E)$ together with a function $\lambda$ that assigns to each edge $e\in E$ the set of time steps during which $e$ is present. The reachability graph…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Thomas Erlebach , Othon Michail , Nils Morawietz

In this article, we revisit the complexity of the reconfiguration of independent sets under the token sliding rule on chordal graphs. In the \textsc{Token Sliding-Connectivity} problem, the input is a graph $G$ and an integer $k$, and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Rajat Adak , Saraswati Girish Nanoti , Prafullkumar Tale

Temporal graphs are graphs whose edges are only present at certain points in time. Reachability in these graphs relies on temporal paths, where edges are traversed chronologically. A temporal graph that offers all-pairs reachability is said…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Arnaud Casteigts , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz

Temporal graphs have been recently introduced to model changes to a given network that occur throughout a fixed period of time. The Temporal $\Delta$ Clique problem, that generalizes the well known Clique problem to temporal graphs, has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Danny Hermelin , Yuval Itzhaki , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier

In this thesis, we present new techniques to deal with fundamental algorithmic graph problems where graphs are directed and partially dynamic, i.e. undergo either a sequence of edge insertions or deletions: - Single-Source Reachability…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

Removing all connections between two vertices s and z in a graph by removing a minimum number of vertices is a fundamental problem in algorithmic graph theory. This (s,z)-separation problem is well-known to be polynomial solvable and serves…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Nicolas Maack , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Malte Renken

Key graph-based problems play a central role in understanding network topology and uncovering patterns of similarity in homogeneous and temporal data. Such patterns can be revealed by analyzing communities formed by nodes, which in turn can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Davide Rucci , Emanuele Carlini , Patrizio Dazzi , Hanna Kavalionak , Matteo Mordacchini