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Related papers: Information Theory in Open-world Machine Learning …

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A central capability of intelligent systems is the ability to continuously build upon previous experiences to speed up and enhance learning of new tasks. Two distinct research paradigms have studied this question. Meta-learning views this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Chelsea Finn , Aravind Rajeswaran , Sham Kakade , Sergey Levine

We establish that entropy production, which is crucial to the characterization of thermodynamic irreversibility, is obtained through a variational principle involving the Kulback-Leibler divergence. A simple application of this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-11 Naoto Shiraishi , Keiji Saito

We investigate the in-distribution generalization of machine learning algorithms. We depart from traditional complexity-based approaches by analyzing information-theoretic bounds that quantify the dependence between a learning algorithm and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-27 Borja Rodríguez-Gálvez , Ragnar Thobaben , Mikael Skoglund

Continuously acquiring new knowledge from a dynamic environment is a fundamental capability for animals, facilitating their survival and ability to address various challenges. This capability is referred to as continual learning, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 RunQing Wu , KaiHui Huang , HanYi Zhang , QiHe Liu , GuoJin Yu , JingSong Deng , Fei Ye

Open-world object detection (OWOD) requires incrementally detecting known categories while reliably identifying unknown objects. Existing methods primarily focus on improving unknown recall, yet overlook interpretability, often leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xueqiang Lv , Shizhou Zhang , Yinghui Xing , Di Xu , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Traditional supervised learning aims to train a classifier in the closed-set world, where training and test samples share the same label space. In this paper, we target a more challenging and realistic setting: open-set learning (OSL),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Zhen Fang , Jie Lu , Anjin Liu , Feng Liu , Guangquan Zhang

Meta-analytic methods tend to take all-or-nothing approaches to study-level heterogeneity, assuming all studies are heterogeneous or homogeneous, leading to inefficiency and/or bias in estimation and inference. In this paper, we develop a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-12 Elizabeth M. Davis , Emily C. Hector

The uncertainty principle can be expressed in entropic terms, also taking into account the role of entanglement in reducing uncertainty. The information exclusion principle bounds instead the correlations that can exist between the outcomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-26 Patrick J. Coles , Marco Piani

Although information theory has found success in disciplines, the literature on its applications to software evolution is limit. We are still missing artifacts that leverage the data and tooling available to measure how the information…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Adriano Torres , Sebastian Baltes , Christoph Treude , Markus Wagner

Transfer learning, or domain adaptation, is concerned with machine learning problems in which training and testing data come from possibly different distributions (denoted as $\mu$ and $\mu'$, respectively). In this work, we give an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Xuetong Wu , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

Artificial intelligence has made significant progress in the Close World problem, being able to accurately recognize old knowledge through training and classification. However, AI faces significant challenges in the Open World problem, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jin Wang , Changlin Song

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in the development of machine learning models across a wide range of fields, fueled by increased computational resources, large-scale datasets, and the rise of deep learning architectures.…

Machine Learning (ML) is an expressive framework for turning data into computer programs. Across many problem domains -- both in industry and policy settings -- the types of computer programs needed for accurate prediction or optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Elliot Creager

We view the Information Bottleneck Principle (IBP: Tishby et al., 1999; Schwartz-Ziv and Tishby, 2017) and Predictive Information Bottleneck Principle (PIBP: Still et al., 2007; Alemi, 2019) as special cases of a family of general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Sayandev Mukherjee

The presence of symmetries imposes a stringent set of constraints on a system. This constrained structure allows intelligent agents interacting with such a system to drastically improve the efficiency of learning and generalization, through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hippolyte Charvin , Nicola Catenacci Volpi , Daniel Polani

The reinforcement learning (RL) research area is very active, with an important number of new contributions; especially considering the emergent field of deep RL (DRL). However a number of scientific and technical challenges still need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Arthur Aubret , Laetitia Matignon , Salima Hassas

Artificial intelligence models and methods commonly lack causal interpretability. Despite the advancements in interpretable machine learning (IML) methods, they frequently assign importance to features which lack causal influence on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Francisco Nunes Ferreira Quialheiro Simoes , Mehdi Dastani , Thijs van Ommen

Information theory, though originally developed for communications engineering, provides mathematical tools with broad applications across science. These tools characterize the fundamental limits of data compression and transmission in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Henry Pinkard , Laura Waller

Existing generalization theories of supervised learning typically take a holistic approach and provide bounds for the expected generalization over the whole data distribution, which implicitly assumes that the model generalizes similarly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Firas Laakom , Yuheng Bu , Moncef Gabbouj

Selecting an appropriate divergence measure is a critical aspect of machine learning, as it directly impacts model performance. Among the most widely used, we find the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, originally introduced in kinetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Gennaro Auricchio , Giovanni Brigati , Paolo Giudici , Giuseppe Toscani