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We study the transfer learning process between two linear regression problems. An important and timely special case is when the regressors are overparameterized and perfectly interpolate their training data. We examine a parameter transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Yehuda Dar , Richard G. Baraniuk

Information from related source studies can often enhance the findings of a target study. However, the distribution shift between target and source studies can severely impact the efficiency of knowledge transfer. In the high-dimensional…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-26 Ruiqi Bai , Yijiao Zhang , Hanbo Yang , Zhongyi Zhu

In this work, we study the transfer learning problem under high-dimensional generalized linear models (GLMs), which aim to improve the fit on target data by borrowing information from useful source data. Given which sources to transfer, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-19 Ye Tian , Yang Feng

Overparameterized neural networks (NNs) are observed to generalize well even when trained to perfectly fit noisy data. This phenomenon motivated a large body of work on "benign overfitting", where interpolating predictors achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Guy Kornowski , Gilad Yehudai , Ohad Shamir

Deep neural networks produce state-of-the-art results when trained on a large number of labeled examples but tend to overfit when small amounts of labeled examples are used for training. Creating a large number of labeled examples requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Attaullah Sahito , Eibe Frank , Bernhard Pfahringer

This paper considers the estimation and prediction of a high-dimensional linear regression in the setting of transfer learning, using samples from the target model as well as auxiliary samples from different but possibly related regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-19 Sai Li , T. Tony Cai , Hongzhe Li

This paper establishes the generalization error of pooled min-$\ell_2$-norm interpolation in transfer learning where data from diverse distributions are available. Min-norm interpolators emerge naturally as implicit regularized limits of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Yanke Song , Sohom Bhattacharya , Pragya Sur

We study the overfitting behavior of fully connected deep Neural Networks (NNs) with binary weights fitted to perfectly classify a noisy training set. We consider interpolation using both the smallest NN (having the minimal number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Itamar Harel , William M. Hoza , Gal Vardi , Itay Evron , Nathan Srebro , Daniel Soudry

The practical success of overparameterized neural networks has motivated the recent scientific study of interpolating methods, which perfectly fit their training data. Certain interpolating methods, including neural networks, can fit noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Neil Mallinar , James B. Simon , Amirhesam Abedsoltan , Parthe Pandit , Mikhail Belkin , Preetum Nakkiran

The practical success of deep learning has led to the discovery of several surprising phenomena. One of these phenomena, that has spurred intense theoretical research, is ``benign overfitting'': deep neural networks seem to generalize well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ichiro Hashimoto , Stanislav Volgushev , Piotr Zwiernik

Transfer learning is essential when sufficient data comes from the source domain, with scarce labeled data from the target domain. We develop estimators that achieve minimax linear risk for linear regression problems under distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Qi Lei , Wei Hu , Jason D. Lee

Modern machine learning models with a large number of parameters often generalize well despite perfectly interpolating noisy training data - a phenomenon known as benign overfitting. A foundational explanation for this in linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-18 Yuta Kondo

In recent years, supervised machine learning models have demonstrated tremendous success in a variety of application domains. Despite the promising results, these successful models are data hungry and their performance relies heavily on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Azin Asgarian , Parinaz Sobhani , Ji Chao Zhang , Madalin Mihailescu , Ariel Sibilia , Ahmed Bilal Ashraf , Babak Taati

Assisted by the availability of data and high performance computing, deep learning techniques have achieved breakthroughs and surpassed human performance empirically in difficult tasks, including object recognition, speech recognition, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Shaeke Salman , Xiuwen Liu

Transfer learning has emerged as a highly sought-after and actively pursued research area within the statistical community. The core concept of transfer learning involves leveraging insights and information from auxiliary datasets to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-01 Pengfei Li , Tao Yu , Chixiang Chen , Jing Qin

Recent theoretical studies (Kou et al., 2023; Cao et al., 2022) have revealed a sharp phase transition from benign to harmful overfitting when the noise-to-feature ratio exceeds a threshold-a situation common in long-tailed data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ruichen Xu , Kexin Chen

This paper presents a framework for deep transfer learning, which aims to leverage information from multi-domain upstream data with a large number of samples $n$ to a single-domain downstream task with a considerably smaller number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuling Jiao , Huazhen Lin , Yuchen Luo , Jerry Zhijian Yang

Attention mechanism is a fundamental component of the transformer model and plays a significant role in its success. However, the theoretical understanding of how attention learns to select tokens is still an emerging area of research. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Keitaro Sakamoto , Issei Sato

Transfer learning from natural image datasets, particularly ImageNet, using standard large models and corresponding pretrained weights has become a de-facto method for deep learning applications to medical imaging. However, there are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Maithra Raghu , Chiyuan Zhang , Jon Kleinberg , Samy Bengio

Transfer learning is a popular method for tuning pretrained (upstream) models for different downstream tasks using limited data and computational resources. We study how an adversary with control over an upstream model used in transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yulong Tian , Fnu Suya , Anshuman Suri , Fengyuan Xu , David Evans