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Successful Artificial Intelligence systems often require numerous labeled data to extract information from document images. In this paper, we investigate the problem of improving the performance of Artificial Intelligence systems in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Bao-Sinh Nguyen , Dung Tien Le , Hieu M. Vu , Tuan Anh D. Nguyen , Minh-Tien Nguyen , Hung Le

Agent-compiled knowledge bases provide persistent external knowledge for large language model (LLM) agents in open-ended, knowledge-intensive downstream tasks. Yet their quality is systematically limited by \emph{incompleteness},…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoyu Huang , Jiaxin Bai , Shujie Liu , Yang Wei , Hong Ting Tsang , Yisen Gao , Zhongwei Xie , Yufei Li , Yangqiu Song

Over the recent years, Reinforcement Learning combined with Deep Learning techniques has successfully proven to solve complex problems in various domains, including robotics, self-driving cars, and finance. In this paper, we are introducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Petr Bobák , Ladislav Čmolík , Martin Čadík

Recent work has uncovered the interesting (and somewhat surprising) finding that training models to be invariant to adversarial perturbations requires substantially larger datasets than those required for standard classification. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Jonathan Uesato , Jean-Baptiste Alayrac , Po-Sen Huang , Robert Stanforth , Alhussein Fawzi , Pushmeet Kohli

Recent trends in Reinforcement Learning (RL) highlight the need for agents to learn from reward-free interactions and alternative supervision signals, such as unlabeled or incomplete demonstrations, rather than relying solely on explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Elias Malomgré , Pieter Simoens

This paper introduces a framework that integrates reinforcement learning (RL) with autonomous agents to enable continuous improvement in the automated process of software test cases authoring from business requirement documents within…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Mohanakrishnan Hariharan

Traditional enterprises face significant challenges in processing business documents, where tasks like extracting transport references from invoices remain largely manual despite their crucial role in logistics operations. While Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Jiale Liu , Yifan Zeng , Malte Højmark-Bertelsen , Marie Normann Gadeberg , Huazheng Wang , Qingyun Wu

Complex image restoration aims to recover high-quality images from inputs affected by multiple degradations such as blur, noise, rain, and compression artifacts. Recent restoration agents, powered by vision-language models and large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jianglin Lu , Yuanwei Wu , Ziyi Zhao , Hongcheng Wang , Felix Jimenez , Abrar Majeedi , Yun Fu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but such training typically demands substantial efforts in creating and annotating data. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hangfan Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Shicheng Liu , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

Nowadays, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved remarkable performance on many decision making and control tasks, but high sample complexity and low sample efficiency still hinder the wide use of model-free…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jingbin Liu , Xinyang Gu , Shuai Liu

In this paper, we introduce a novel learning paradigm for Adaptive Large Language Model (LLM) agents that eliminates the need for fine-tuning the underlying LLMs. Existing approaches are often either rigid, relying on static, handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Huichi Zhou , Yihang Chen , Siyuan Guo , Xue Yan , Kin Hei Lee , Zihan Wang , Ka Yiu Lee , Guchun Zhang , Kun Shao , Linyi Yang , Jun Wang

State-of-the-art, high capacity deep neural networks not only require large amounts of labelled training data, they are also highly susceptible to label errors in this data, typically resulting in large efforts and costs and therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Christian Haase-Schütz , Rainer Stal , Heinz Hertlein , Bernhard Sick

Efficient maintenance has always been essential for the successful application of engineering systems. However, the challenges to be overcome in the implementation of Industry 4.0 necessitate new paradigms of maintenance optimization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Alberto Pliego Marugán , Jesús M. Pinar-Pérez , Fausto Pedro García Márquez

We study a Markov matching market involving a planner and a set of strategic agents on the two sides of the market. At each step, the agents are presented with a dynamical context, where the contexts determine the utilities. The planner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Yifei Min , Tianhao Wang , Ruitu Xu , Zhaoran Wang , Michael I. Jordan , Zhuoran Yang

Product mapping, the task of deciding whether two e-commerce listings refer to the same product, is a core problem for price monitoring and channel visibility. In real marketplaces, however, sellers frequently inject promotional keywords,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Minhyeong Yu , Wonduk Seo

Performance testing with the aim of generating an efficient and effective workload to identify performance issues is challenging. Many of the automated approaches mainly rely on analyzing system models, source code, or extracting the usage…

This paper investigates how to incorporate expert observations (without explicit information on expert actions) into a deep reinforcement learning setting to improve sample efficiency. First, we formulate an augmented policy loss combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Erhan Can Ozcan , Vittorio Giammarino , James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

Large language models (LLMs) augmented with external tools are increasingly deployed as deep research agents that gather, reason over, and synthesize web information to answer complex queries. Although recent open-source systems achieve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yi Wan , Jiuqi Wang , Liam Li , Jinsong Liu , Ruihao Zhu , Zheqing Zhu

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

Interactive digital agents (IDAs) leverage APIs of stateful digital environments to perform tasks in response to user requests. While IDAs powered by instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) can react to feedback from interface…

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