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Both semi-supervised classification and regression are practically challenging tasks for computer vision. However, semi-supervised classification methods are barely applied to regression tasks. Because the threshold-to-pseudo label process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Jiaqi Wu , Junbiao Pang , Qingming Huang

Food authenticity studies are concerned with determining if food samples have been correctly labeled or not. Discriminant analysis methods are an integral part of the methodology for food authentication. Motivated by food authenticity…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-10-08 Thomas Brendan Murphy , Nema Dean , Adrian E. Raftery

While significant advances exist in pseudo-label generation for semi-supervised semantic segmentation, pseudo-label selection remains understudied. Existing methods typically use fixed confidence thresholds to retain high-confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Pan Liu , Jinshi Liu

Detecting AI-generated text is an important but challenging problem. Existing likelihood-based detection methods are often sensitive to content complexity and may exhibit unstable performance. In this paper, our key insight is that modern…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junxi Wu , Kailin Huang , Dongjian Hu , Bin Chen , Hao Wu , Shu-Tao Xia , Changliang Zou

Label distribution learning (LDL) is a novel paradigm that describe the samples by label distribution of a sample. However, acquiring LDL dataset is costly and time-consuming, which leads to the birth of incomplete label distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiecheng Jiang , Jiawei Tang , Jiahao Jiang , Hui Liu , Junhui Hou , Yuheng Jia

Labeling data (e.g., labeling the people, objects, actions and scene in images) comprehensively and efficiently is a widely needed but challenging task. Numerous models were proposed to label various data and many approaches were designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Mu Yuan , Lan Zhang , Xiang-Yang Li , Hui Xiong

The performance of a machine learning system is usually evaluated by using i.i.d.\ observations with true labels. However, acquiring ground truth labels is expensive, while obtaining unlabeled samples may be cheaper. Stratified sampling can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Tiancheng Yu , Xiyu Zhai , Suvrit Sra

Multiple hypothesis testing is a fundamental problem in high dimensional inference, with wide applications in many scientific fields. In genome-wide association studies, tens of thousands of tests are performed simultaneously to find if any…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-11-16 Jianqing Fan , Xu Han , Weijie Gu

Conformal predictions make it possible to define reliable and robust learning algorithms. But they are essentially a method for evaluating whether an algorithm is good enough to be used in practice. To define a reliable learning framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-18 Alberto Carlevaro , Teodoro Alamo Cantarero , Fabrizio Dabbene , Maurizio Mongelli

Conformal prediction (CP) provides sets of candidate classes with a guaranteed probability of containing the true class. However, it typically relies on a calibration set with clean labels. We address privacy-sensitive scenarios where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Coby Penso , Bar Mahpud , Jacob Goldberger , Or Sheffet

Conformal prediction (CP) is a general framework to quantify the predictive uncertainty of machine learning models that uses a set prediction to include the true label with a valid probability. To align the uncertainty measured by CP,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xuesong Jia , Yuanjie Shi , Ziquan Liu , Yi Xu , Yan Yan

AI/ML methods are increasingly used in economics to generate binary variables (or labels) via classification algorithms. When these generated variables are included as covariates in regressions, even small misclassification errors can…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-28 Timothy Christensen , Silvia Goncalves , Benoit Perron

Partial Label Learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning task, which assumes each training instance is annotated with a set of candidate labels containing the ground-truth label. Recent PLL methods adopt identification-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jiayu Hu , Senlin Shu , Beibei Li , Tao Xiang , Zhongshi He

Distribution-free predictive inference beyond the construction of prediction sets has gained a lot of interest in recent applications. One such application is the selection task, where the objective is to design a reliable selection rule to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-07 Yonghoon Lee , Zhimei Ren

Conformal prediction (CP) can convert any model's output into prediction sets guaranteed to include the true label with any user-specified probability. However, same as the model itself, CP is vulnerable to adversarial test examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Soroush H. Zargarbashi , Mohammad Sadegh Akhondzadeh , Aleksandar Bojchevski

We extend our previous work on Inductive Conformal Prediction (ICP) for multi-label text classification and present a novel approach for addressing the computational inefficiency of the Label Powerset (LP) ICP, arrising when dealing with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Lysimachos Maltoudoglou , Andreas Paisios , Ladislav Lenc , Jiří Martínek , Pavel Král , Harris Papadopoulos

Anomaly detection attempts at finding examples that deviate from the expected behaviour. Usually, anomaly detection is tackled from an unsupervised perspective because anomalous labels are rare and difficult to acquire. However, the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Lorenzo Perini , Daniele Giannuzzi , Jesse Davis

A key obstacle in automated analytics and meta-learning is the inability to recognize when different datasets contain measurements of the same variable. Because provided attribute labels are often uninformative in practice, this task may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Jonas Mueller , Alex Smola

To collect large scale annotated data, it is inevitable to introduce label noise, i.e., incorrect class labels. To be robust against label noise, many successful methods rely on the noisy classifiers (i.e., models trained on the noisy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Songzhu Zheng , Pengxiang Wu , Aman Goswami , Mayank Goswami , Dimitris Metaxas , Chao Chen

Algorithms for machine learning-guided design, or design algorithms, use machine learning-based predictions to propose novel objects with desired property values. Given a new design task -- for example, to design novel proteins with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Clara Fannjiang , Ji Won Park