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Related papers: DROID: Dual Representation for Out-of-Scope Intent…

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As end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models reach promising performance, various downstream tasks rely on good confidence estimators for these systems. Recent research has shown that model-based confidence estimators have a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-03 Qiujia Li , Yu Zhang , David Qiu , Yanzhang He , Liangliang Cao , Philip C. Woodland

Detecting Out-of-Domain (OOD) or unknown intents from user queries is essential in a task-oriented dialog system. Traditional softmax-based confidence scores are susceptible to the overconfidence issue. In this paper, we propose a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yanan Wu , Zhiyuan Zeng , Keqing He , Yutao Mou , Pei Wang , Yuanmeng Yan , Weiran Xu

Identifying out-of-distribution (OOD) data at inference time is crucial for many machine learning applications, especially for automation. We present a novel unsupervised semi-parametric framework COMBOOD for OOD detection with respect to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Magesh Rajasekaran , Md Saiful Islam Sajol , Frej Berglind , Supratik Mukhopadhyay , Kamalika Das

In a practical dialogue system, users may input out-of-domain (OOD) queries. The Generalized Intent Discovery (GID) task aims to discover OOD intents from OOD queries and extend them to the in-domain (IND) classifier. However, GID only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Xiaoshuai Song , Yutao Mou , Keqing He , Yueyan Qiu , Pei Wang , Weiran Xu

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) instances is significant for the safe deployment of NLP models. Among recent textual OOD detection works based on pretrained language models (PLMs), distance-based methods have shown superior performance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Sishuo Chen , Xiaohan Bi , Rundong Gao , Xu Sun

The ability to generalize out-of-domain (OOD) is an important goal for deep neural network development, and researchers have proposed many high-performing OOD generalization methods from various foundations. While many OOD algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Zining Zhu , Soroosh Shahtalebi , Frank Rudzicz

Recent developments for Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SSOD) have shown the promise of leveraging unlabeled data to improve an object detector. However, thus far these methods have assumed that the unlabeled data does not contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yen-Cheng Liu , Chih-Yao Ma , Xiaoliang Dai , Junjiao Tian , Peter Vajda , Zijian He , Zsolt Kira

Out-of-distribution (OoD) inputs pose a persistent challenge to deep learning models, often triggering overconfident predictions on non-target objects. While prior work has primarily focused on refining scoring functions and adjusting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Changshun Wu , Weicheng He , Chih-Hong Cheng , Xiaowei Huang , Saddek Bensalem

This work explores the intrinsic limitations of the popular one-hot encoding method in classification of intents when detection of out-of-scope (OOS) inputs is required. Although recent work has shown that there can be significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Claudio Pinhanez , Paulo Cavalin

Out-of-domain (OOD) detection for low-resource text classification is a realistic but understudied task. The goal is to detect the OOD cases with limited in-domain (ID) training data, since we observe that training data is often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Ming Tan , Yang Yu , Haoyu Wang , Dakuo Wang , Saloni Potdar , Shiyu Chang , Mo Yu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is committed to delineating the classification boundaries between in-distribution (ID) and OOD images. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable OOD detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Xujiang Zhao , Dong Li , Qin Tian , Linlin Yu

Representing visual signals by coordinate-based deep fully-connected networks has been shown advantageous in fitting complex details and solving inverse problems than discrete grid-based representation. However, acquiring such a continuous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Peihao Wang , Zhiwen Fan , Tianlong Chen , Zhangyang Wang

Extracting dense representations for terms and phrases is a task of great importance for knowledge discovery platforms targeting highly-technical fields. Dense representations are used as features for downstream components and have multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Francesco Fusco , Diego Antognini

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for deploying deep learning models in open-world environments. Existing approaches, such as energy-based scoring and gradient-projection methods, typically rely on high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Zhexiao Huang , Weihao He , Shutao Deng , Junzhe Chen , Chao Yuan , Hongxin Wang , Changsheng Zhou

Real-world machine learning applications often face simultaneous covariate and semantic shifts, challenging traditional domain generalization and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods. We introduce Meta-learned Across Domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen

Identifying unexpected domain-shifted instances in natural language processing is crucial in real-world applications. Previous works identify the out-of-distribution (OOD) instance by leveraging a single global feature embedding to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Jinan Zou , Maihao Guo , Yu Tian , Yuhao Lin , Haiyao Cao , Lingqiao Liu , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Deep learning has led to remarkable strides in scene understanding with panoptic segmentation emerging as a key holistic scene interpretation task. However, the performance of panoptic segmentation is severely impacted in the presence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Rohit Mohan , Kiran Kumaraswamy , Juana Valeria Hurtado , Kürsat Petek , Abhinav Valada

Task-oriented dialog(TOD) aims to assist users in achieving specific goals through multi-turn conversation. Recently, good results have been obtained based on large pre-trained models. However, the labeled-data scarcity hinders the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Zhitong Yang , Xing Ma , Anqi Liu , Zheyu Zhang

We propose a novel inference-time out-of-domain (OOD) detection algorithm for specialized large language models (LLMs). Despite achieving state-of-the-art performance on in-domain tasks through fine-tuning, specialized LLMs remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Ayush Gupta , Ramneet Kaur , Anirban Roy , Adam D. Cobb , Rama Chellappa , Susmit Jha

Deep learning models are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, where reliable out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to ensure robustness. Existing methods predominantly rely on the penultimate-layer activations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Shreen Gul , Mohamed Elmahallawy , Ardhendu Tripathy , Sanjay Madria
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