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Iterative refinement -- start with a random guess, then iteratively improve the guess -- is a useful paradigm for representation learning because it offers a way to break symmetries among equally plausible explanations for the data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Michael Chang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Sergey Levine

Partial differential equations with discrete (concentrated) state-dependent delays in the space of continuous functions are investigated. In general, the corresponding initial value problem is not well posed, so we find an additional…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-12-16 Alexander V. Rezounenko

The hypothesis of a discrete fabric of the universe--the "Planck scale"--is always on stage, since it solves mathematical and conceptual problems in the infinitely small. However, it clashes with special relativity, which is designed for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Alessandro Bisio , Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti

Dynamic noncooperative game theory is a field of mathematics and economics in which a lot of research is being carried out at present featuring a great number of applications in many different areas of economics and management science like…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Philipp Hungerländer

In this paper we prove a discretized version of Krylov's estimate for discretized It\^o's processes. As applications, we study the weak and strong convergences for Euler's approximation of mean-field SDEs with measurable discontinuous and…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-11 Xicheng Zhang

Our original results refer to multivariate recurrences: discrete multitime diagonal recurrence, bivariate recurrence, trivariate recurrence, solutions tailored to particular situations, second order multivariate recurrences, characteristic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Cristian Ghiu , Raluca Tuliga , Constantin Udriste , Ionel Tevy

Stochastic resetting can be naturally understood as a renewal process governing the evolution of an underlying stochastic process. In this work, we formally derive well-known results of diffusion with resets from a renewal theory…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-05 Axel Masó-Puigdellosas , Daniel Campos , Vicenç Méndez

Modern deep learning models require immense computational resources, motivating research into low-precision training. Quantised training addresses this by representing training components in low-bit integers, but typically relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Paul Wilson , Fabio Zanasi , George Constantinides

The aim of this expository article is to present recent developments in the centuries old discussion on the interrelations between continuous and differentiable real valued functions of one real variable. The truly new results include,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-29 Krzysztof C. Ciesielski , Juan B. Seoane Sepúlveda

In this short note we consider the finite-dimensional distributions of sets of states generated by dispersing billiards with a random initial condition. We establish a functional correlation bound on the distance between the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Juho Leppänen , Mikko Stenlund

We study space-time fluctuations of a hard sphere system at thermal equilibrium, and prove that the covariance converges to the solution of a linearized Boltzmann equation in the low density limit, globally in time. This result has been…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Corentin Le Bihan

A high order expansion of the renewal function is provided under the assumption that the inter-renewal time distribution is light tailed with finite moment generating function g on a neighborhood of 0. This expansion relies on complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Clément Dombry , Landy Rabehasaina

We define a triangular array closely related to Stern's diatomic array and show that for a fixed integer $r\geq 1$, the sum $u_r(n)$ of the $r$th powers of the entries in row $n$ satisfy a linear recurrence with constant coefficients. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-16 Richard P. Stanley

We introduce and study an extension of the classical elapsed time equation in the context of neuron populations that are described by the elapsed time since the last discharge, i.e., the refractory period. In this extension we incorporate…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Nicolás Torres , Benoît Perthame , Delphine Salort

We study the discrete time risk process modelled by the skip-free random walk and we derive the results connected to the ruin probability, such as crossing the fixed level, for this kind of process. We use the method relying on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-08 Ivana Geček Tuđen

Regularisation allows one to handle ill-posed inverse problems. Here we focus on discrete unfolding problems. The properties of the results are characterised by the consistency between measurements and unfolding result and by the posterior…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-09-07 Michael Schmelling

We consider a financial market in discrete time and study pricing and hedging conditional on the information available up to an arbitrary point in time. In this conditional framework, we determine the structure of arbitrage-free prices.…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-15 Lars Niemann , Thorsten Schmidt

Reinforcement Learning Algorithms are predominantly developed for stationary environments, and the limited literature that considers nonstationary environments often involves specific assumptions about changes that can occur in transition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ranga Shaarad Ayyagari , Revanth Raj Eega , Ambedkar Dukkipati

We propose a simple yet effective divide-and-discard (DD) approach to guaranteed state estimation for nonlinear discrete-time systems. Our method iteratively subdivides interval enclosures of the state and propagates them forward in time…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Nico Holzinger , Matthias Althoff

When the distribution of the inter-arrival times of a renewal process is a mixture of geometric laws, we prove that the renewal function of the process is given by the moments of a probability measure which is explicitly related to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Nathanaël Enriquez , Nathan Noiry