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Limited computational budgets often prevent transformers from being used in production and from having their high accuracy utilized. TinyBERT addresses the computational efficiency by self-distilling BERT into a smaller transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Shira Guskin , Moshe Wasserblat , Ke Ding , Gyuwan Kim

Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel at complex reasoning tasks but typically generate lengthy sequential chains-of-thought, resulting in long inference times before arriving at the final answer. To address this challenge, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Emil Biju , Shayan Talaei , Zhemin Huang , Mohammadreza Pourreza , Azalia Mirhoseini , Amin Saberi

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) rely on bidirectional attention, which prevents lossless KV caching and requires a full forward pass at every denoising step. Existing approximate KV caching methods reduce this cost by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Minsoo Cheong , Donghyun Son , Woosang Lim , Sungjoo Yoo

We develop adaptive replicated designs for Gaussian process metamodels of stochastic experiments. Adaptive batching is a natural extension of sequential design heuristics with the benefit of replication growing as response features are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-14 Xiong Lyu , Mike Ludkovski

Test-time compute scaling has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) by allocating additional computational resources during inference. However, current methods employ uniform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yang Xiao , Chunpu Xu , Ruifeng Yuan , Jiashuo Wang , Wenjie Li , Pengfei Liu

Continual pre-training has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing model performance, particularly in domain-specific scenarios. The most common approach for packing data before continual pre-training involves concatenating input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ruicheng Yin , Xuan Gao , Changze Lv , Xiaohua Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Sampling multiple responses is a common way to improve LLM output quality, but it comes at the cost of additional computation. The key challenge is deciding when to stop generating new samples to balance accuracy gains against efficiency.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Guangya Wan , Zixin Stephen Xu , Sasa Zorc , Manel Baucells , Mengxuan Hu , Hao Wang , Sheng Li

We introduce Predictive Batch Scheduling (PBS), a novel training optimization technique that accelerates language model convergence by dynamically prioritizing high-loss samples during batch construction. Unlike curriculum learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sumedh Rasal

Deep generative models provide state-of-the-art performance across a wide array of applications, with recent studies showing increasing applicability for science and engineering. Despite a growing corpus of literature focused on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jacob K. Christopher , James E. Warner , Ferdinando Fioretto

With the rise of reasoning language models and test-time scaling methods as a paradigm for improving model performance, substantial computation is often required to generate multiple candidate sequences from the same prompt. This enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Daniel Scalena , Leonidas Zotos , Elisabetta Fersini , Malvina Nissim , Ahmet Üstün

Inference-time scaling through multiple sample generation in combination with Process- or Outcome-Reward Model (PRM or ORM) re-ranking has proven effective for text-based reasoning in large language models. This paper investigates whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Minghan Wang , Thuy-Trang Vu , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

The detection of anomalies in non-stationary time-series streams is a critical but challenging task across numerous industrial and scientific domains. Traditional models, trained offline, suffer significant performance degradation when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Ashok Devireddy , Shunping Huang

Temporal repetition counting aims to estimate the number of cycles of a given repetitive action. Existing deep learning methods assume repetitive actions are performed in a fixed time-scale, which is invalid for the complex repetitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Huaidong Zhang , Xuemiao Xu , Guoqiang Han , Shengfeng He

Large language models (LLMs) process entire input contexts indiscriminately, which is inefficient when the information required to answer a query is localized within the context. We present dynamic context cutoff, a novel method enabling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Roy Xie , Junlin Wang , Paul Rosu , Chunyuan Deng , Bolun Sun , Zihao Lin , Bhuwan Dhingra

Trajectory optimizers for model-based reinforcement learning, such as the Cross-Entropy Method (CEM), can yield compelling results even in high-dimensional control tasks and sparse-reward environments. However, their sampling inefficiency…

Pre-trained on tremendous image-text pairs, vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization across numerous image-based tasks. However, extending these capabilities to video tasks remains challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zichen Liu , Kunlun Xu , Bing Su , Xu Zou , Yuxin Peng , Jiahuan Zhou

Recently, prompt tuning methods for pre-trained models have demonstrated promising performance in Class Incremental Learning (CIL). These methods typically involve learning task-specific prompts and predicting the task ID to select the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qiwei Li , Jiahuan Zhou

Time series forecasting (TSF) is critical across domains such as finance, meteorology, and energy. While extending the lookback window theoretically provides richer historical context, in practice, it often introduces irrelevant noise and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Xiang Ao , Yinyu Tan , Mengru Chen

Cross-entropy loss has long been the standard choice for training deep neural networks, yet it suffers from interpretability limitations, unbounded weight growth, and inefficiencies that can contribute to costly training dynamics. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Maxwell Miller-Golub , Collin Coil , Kamil Faber , Marcin Pietron , Panpan Zheng , Pasquale Minervini , Roberto Corizzo

Most recent state of the art architectures rely on combinations and variations of three approaches: convolutional, recurrent and self-attentive methods. Our work attempts in laying the basis for a new research direction for sequence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Jia Cheng Hu , Roberto Cavicchioli , Alessandro Capotondi