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This paper presents the characterization of microwave passive components, including metal-oxide-metal (MoM) capacitors, transformers, and resonators, at deep cryogenic temperature (4.2 K). The variations in capacitance, inductance and…

The most promising quantum algorithms require quantum processors hosting millions of quantum bits when targeting practical applications. A major challenge towards large-scale quantum computation is the interconnect complexity. In current…

Current control techniques for cryogenically cooled qubits are realized with coaxial cables, posing multiple challenges in terms of cost, thermal load, size, and long-term scalability. Emerging approaches to tackle this issue include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Malek Succar , Mohamed I. Ibrahim

The grand challenge of scaling up quantum computers requires a full-stack architectural standpoint. In this position paper, we will present the vision of a new generation of scalable quantum computing architectures featuring distributed…

Large-scale superconducting quantum computers require massive numbers of high-performance cryogenic low-noise amplifiers (cryo-LNA) for qubit readout. Here we present a C-Band monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) cryo-LNA for this…

This work presents a self-heating study of a 40-nm bulk-CMOS technology in the ambient temperature range from 300 K down to 4.2 K. A custom test chip was designed and fabricated for measuring both the temperature rise in the MOSFET channel…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 P. A. 't Hart , M. Babaie , A. Vladimirescu , F. Sebastiano

Quantum computers have great potential to solve problems which are intractable on classical computers. However, quantum processors have not yet reached the required scale to run applications which outperform traditional computers. Leading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 M. J. Weaver , G. Arnold , H. Weaver , S. Gröblacher , R. Stockill

Future quantum computing systems will require cryogenic integrated circuits to control and measure millions of qubits. In this paper, we report the design and characterization of a prototype cryogenic CMOS integrated circuit that has been…

Quantum computers based on solid state qubits have been a subject of rapid development in recent years. In current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology, each quantum device is controlled and characterised though a dedicated…

Cryogenic systems necessitate extensive data transmission between room-temperature and cryogenic environments, as well as within the cryogenic temperature domain. High-speed, low-power data transmission is pivotal to enabling the deployment…

We report the design-technology co-optimization (DTCO) scheme to develop a 28-nm cryogenic CMOS (Cryo-CMOS) technology for high-performance computing (HPC). The precise adjustment of halo implants manages to compensate the threshold voltage…

A universal quantum computer~(QC), though promising ground breaking solutions to complex problems, still faces several challenges with respect to scalability. Current state-of-the-art QC use a great quantity of cables to connect the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 A. Ashok , A. Cabrera , S. Baje , A. Zambanini , K. Allinger , A. Bahr , S. van Waasen

Practical distributed quantum computing and error correction require quantum networks with high-qubit-rate, high-fidelity, and low-reconfiguration-latency. Unfortunately, current approaches are limited by fundamental constraints:…

This paper presents an ultra-low noise L-band radio astronomical cryogenic receiver for FAST telescope. The development of key low noise microwave parts of Coupling-LNA and conical quad-ridge OMT and reasonable system integration achieve…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Hong-Fei Liu , Chuan He , Jin Wang , Peng Jiang , Sheng-Wang Wang , Yang Wu , Hang Zhang , Jin-You Song , Xiang-Wei Shi , Ming-Lei Guo

Cryogenic CMOS technology (cryo-CMOS) offers a scalable solution for quantum device interface fabrication. Several previous works have studied the characterization of CMOS technology at cryogenic temperatures for various process nodes.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Chao Luo , Zhen Li , TengTeng Lu , Jun Xu , GuoPing Guo

Quantum technologies offer unprecedented capabilities in computation and secure information transfer. Their implementation requires qubits to operate at cryogenic temperatures (CT) while control and readout electronics typically still…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-19 Yating Zou , Batuhan Keskin , Gregor G. Taylor , Zenghui Li , Jie Wang , Eduard Alarcon , Fabio Sebastiano , Masoud Babaie , Edoardo Charbon

Cryogenic quantum computers play a leading role in demonstrating quantum advantage. Given the severe constraints on the cooling capacity in cryogenic environments, thermal design is crucial for the scalability of these computers. The…

Nano-electro-opto-mechanical systems enable the synergistic coexistence of electrical, mechanical, and optical signals on a chip to realize new functions. Most of the technology platforms proposed for the fabrication of these systems so far…

Current state-of-the-art superconducting microwave qubits are cooled to extremely low temperatures to avoid sources of decoherence. Higher qubit operating temperatures would significantly increase the cooling power available, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-19 Alexander Anferov , Shannon P. Harvey , Fanghui Wan , Jonathan Simon , David I. Schuster

The realization of a scalable quantum information processor has emerged over the past decade as one of the central challenges at the interface of fundamental science and engineering. Much progress has been made towards this goal. Indeed,…