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Robustness against uncertain and ambiguous inputs is a critical challenge for deep learning models. While recent advancements in large scale vision language models (VLMs, e.g. GPT4o) might suggest that increasing model and training dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xi Wang , Eric Nalisnick

Offering great potential in robotic manipulation, a capable Vision-Language-Action (VLA) foundation model is expected to faithfully generalize across tasks and platforms while ensuring cost efficiency (e.g., data and GPU hours required for…

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models built on pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in robotic manipulation. However, these models remain constrained by the single-frame image paradigm and fail…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hao Li , Shuai Yang , Yilun Chen , Xinyi Chen , Xiaoda Yang , Yang Tian , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Dahua Lin , Feng Zhao , Jiangmiao Pang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for robotic manipulation. However, existing post-training methods face a dilemma between stability and exploration: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is constrained by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiashun Li , Xiaoyu Shi , Hong Xie , Mingsheng Shang , Yun Lu

Large language models excel on math benchmarks, but their math reasoning robustness to linguistic variation is underexplored. While recent work increasingly treats high-difficulty competitions like the IMO as the gold standard for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Neeraja Kirtane , Yuvraj Khanna , Peter Relan

The pursuit of robot generalists, agents capable of performing diverse tasks across diverse environments, demands rigorous and scalable evaluation. Yet real-world testing of robot policies remains fundamentally constrained: it is…

Visual Question Answering (VQA), as the representative multimodal task, serves as a key benchmark for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, existing evaluations largely rely on static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Quanxing Xu , Yuhao Tian , Ling Zhou , Xian Zhong , Xiaohua Huang , Rubing Huang , Chia-Wen Lin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, also lacking some basic visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Leonid Sigal

This work investigates a fundamental question: Do Video-Language Models (VidLMs) robustly account for video content, temporal sequence, and motion? Our investigation shows that, surprisingly, they often do not. We introduce REVEAL{}, a…

The rapid progress of auto-regressive vision-language models (VLMs) has inspired growing interest in vision-language-action models (VLA) for robotic manipulation. Recently, masked diffusion models, a paradigm distinct from autoregressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yuqing Wen , Hebei Li , Kefan Gu , Yucheng Zhao , Tiancai Wang , Xiaoyan Sun

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models reformulate vision-language models by tuning them with millions of robotic demonstrations. While they perform well when fine-tuned for a single embodiment or task family, extending them to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yuxia Fu , Zhizhen Zhang , Yuqi Zhang , Zijian Wang , Zi Huang , Yadan Luo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising paradigm for generalist robotic manipulation by grounding high-level semantic instructions into executable physical actions. However, prevailing approaches typically adopt a monolithic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yifei Wei , Linqing Zhong , Yi Liu , Yuxiang Lu , Xindong He , Maoqing Yao , Guanghui Ren

Recently, some studies have integrated Multimodal Large Language Models into robotic manipulation, constructing vision-language-action models (VLAs) to interpret multimodal information and predict SE(3) poses. While VLAs have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Chenxuan Li , Jiaming Liu , Guanqun Wang , Xiaoqi Li , Sixiang Chen , Liang Heng , Chuyan Xiong , Jiaxin Ge , Renrui Zhang , Kaichen Zhou , Shanghang Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, but their reliance on expert demonstrations limits their ability to learn from failures and perform self-corrections. Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Fangqi Zhu , Zhengyang Yan , Zicong Hong , Quanxin Shou , Xiao Ma , Song Guo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently achieved remarkable progress in robotic manipulation, yet they remain limited in failure diagnosis and learning from failures. Additionally, existing failure datasets are mostly generated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xianchao Zeng , Xinyu Zhou , Youcheng Li , Jiayou Shi , Tianle Li , Liangming Chen , Lei Ren , Yong-Lu Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models like OpenVLA demonstrate impressive zero-shot generalization across robotic manipulation tasks but struggle to adapt to specific deployment environments where consistent high performance on a limited set…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shahram Najam Syed , Yatharth Ahuja , Arthur Jakobsson , Jeff Ichnowski

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Generalist robots should be able to understand and follow user instructions, but current vision-language-action (VLA) models struggle with following fine-grained commands despite providing a powerful architecture for mapping open-vocabulary…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Catherine Glossop , William Chen , Arjun Bhorkar , Dhruv Shah , Sergey Levine

Medical Vision-Language Models (MVLMs) have achieved par excellence generalization in medical image analysis, yet their performance under noisy, corrupted conditions remains largely untested. Clinical imaging is inherently susceptible to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Raza Imam , Rufael Marew , Mohammad Yaqub

Prevalent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are typically built upon Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) and demonstrate exceptional proficiency in semantic understanding, but they inherently lack the capability to deduce physical…