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Non-linear manifold learning enables high-dimensional data analysis, but requires out-of-sample-extension methods to process new data points. In this paper, we propose a manifold learning algorithm based on deep learning to create an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-26 Gal Mishne , Uri Shaham , Alexander Cloninger , Israel Cohen

Non-linear dimensionality reduction can be performed by \textit{manifold learning} approaches, such as Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (SNE), Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) and Isometric Feature Mapping (ISOMAP). These methods aim to produce…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-09 Theodoulos Rodosthenous , Vahid Shahrezaei , Marina Evangelou

Manifold learning-based encoders have been playing important roles in nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR) for data exploration. However, existing methods can often fail to preserve geometric, topological and/or distributional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Stan Z. Li , Zelin Zang , Lirong Wu

Dimensionality reduction (DR) is characterized by two longstanding trade-offs. First, there is a global-local preservation tension: methods such as t-SNE and UMAP prioritize local neighborhood preservation, yet may distort global manifold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zeyang Huang , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Thomas Höllt , Takanori Fujiwara

There has been a growing interest in statistical inference from data satisfying the so-called manifold hypothesis, assuming data points in the high-dimensional ambient space to lie in close vicinity of a submanifold of much lower dimension.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-04 Rong Tang , Yun Yang

Manifold learning based methods have been widely used for non-linear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). However, in many practical settings, the need to process streaming data is a challenge for such methods, owing to the high computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-20 Suchismit Mahapatra , Varun Chandola

A generative modeling framework is proposed that combines diffusion models and manifold learning to efficiently sample data densities on manifolds. The approach utilizes Diffusion Maps to uncover possible low-dimensional underlying (latent)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Dimitris G. Giovanis , Ellis Crabtree , Roger G. Ghanem , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Modern Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) typically operate in low-level Variational Autoencoder (VAE) latent spaces that are primarily optimized for pixel-level reconstruction. To unify vision generation and understanding, a burgeoning trend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Shilong Zhang , He Zhang , Zhifei Zhang , Chongjian Ge , Shuchen Xue , Shaoteng Liu , Mengwei Ren , Soo Ye Kim , Yuqian Zhou , Qing Liu , Daniil Pakhomov , Kai Zhang , Zhe Lin , Ping Luo

Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) is a nonlinear spectral dimensionality reduction and manifold learning method. It has two main steps which are linear reconstruction and linear embedding of points in the input space and embedding space,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-06 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Learning the manifold structure of remote sensing images is of paramount relevance for modeling and understanding processes, as well as to encapsulate the high dimensionality in a reduced set of informative features for subsequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Gulsen Taskin , Gustau Camps-Valls

We introduce a novel generative framework for functions by integrating Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) and Transformer-based hypernetworks into latent variable models. Unlike prior approaches that rely on MLP-based hypernetworks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ignacio Peis , Batuhan Koyuncu , Isabel Valera , Jes Frellsen

Manifold learning (ML) aims to seek low-dimensional embedding from high-dimensional data. The problem is challenging on real-world datasets, especially with under-sampling data, and we find that previous methods perform poorly in this case.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Zelin Zang , Siyuan Li , Di Wu , Ge Wang , Lei Shang , Baigui Sun , Hao Li , Stan Z. Li

Supervised manifold learning methods learn data representations by preserving the geometric structure of data while enhancing the separation between data samples from different classes. In this work, we propose a theoretical study of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Elif Vural , Christine Guillemot

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods provide a valuable means to visualize and interpret high-dimensional data. However, many popular methods can fail dramatically, even on simple two-dimensional manifolds, due to problems such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-08 Daniel Ting , Michael I. Jordan

We propose a visualization technique that utilizes neural network embeddings and a generative network to reconstruct original data. This method allows for independent manipulation of individual image embeddings through its non-parametric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Halid Ziya Yerebakan , Gerardo Hermosillo Valadez

Manifold learning is a hot research topic in the field of computer science and has many applications in the real world. A main drawback of manifold learning methods is, however, that there is no explicit mappings from the input data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-01-18 Hong Qiao , Peng Zhang , Di Wang , Bo Zhang

Euclidean representations distort data with intrinsic non-Euclidean structure. While Riemannian representation learning offers a solution by embedding data onto matching manifolds, it typically relies on an encoder to estimate densities on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andreas Bjerregaard , Søren Hauberg , Anders Krogh

We develop theory for nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). A number of NLDR methods have been developed, but there is limited understanding of how these methods work and the relationships between them. There is limited basis for using…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-08 Daniel Ting , Michael I. Jordan

In this paper, we show that the performance of a learnt generative model is closely related to the model's ability to accurately represent the inferred \textbf{latent data distribution}, i.e. its topology and structural properties. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shuyu Lin , Ronald Clark

Recent work leverages Vision Foundation Models as image encoders to boost the generative performance of latent diffusion models (LDMs), as their semantic feature distributions are easy to learn. However, such semantic features often lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Siyu Liu , Chujie Qin , Hubery Yin , Qixin Yan , Zheng-Peng Duan , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Chun-Le Guo , Chongyi Li
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