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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but controlling their behavior reliably remains challenging, especially in open-ended generation settings. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Zirui He , Mingyu Jin , Bo Shen , Ali Payani , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

Recent advances in LLM-based ASR connect frozen speech encoders with Large Language Models (LLMs) via lightweight projectors. While effective in monolingual settings, a single projector struggles to capture the diverse acoustic-to-semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Isha Pandey , Ashish Mittal , Vartul Bahuguna , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Effective multimodal reasoning depends on the alignment of visual and linguistic representations, yet the mechanisms by which vision-language models (VLMs) achieve this alignment remain poorly understood. Following the LiMBeR framework, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Constantin Venhoff , Ashkan Khakzar , Sonia Joseph , Philip Torr , Neel Nanda

Large language models have proven themselves highly flexible, able to solve a wide range of generative tasks, such as abstractive summarization and open-ended question answering. In this paper we extend the capabilities of LLMs by directly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-25 Yassir Fathullah , Chunyang Wu , Egor Lakomkin , Junteng Jia , Yuan Shangguan , Ke Li , Jinxi Guo , Wenhan Xiong , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli , Christian Fuegen , Mike Seltzer

While many text-to-audio systems produce monophonic or fixed-stereo outputs, generating audio with user-defined spatial properties remains a challenge. Existing deep learning-based spatialization methods often rely on latent-space…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tutti Chi , Letian Gao , Yixiao Zhang

We present a unified Vision-Language pretrained Model (VLMo) that jointly learns a dual encoder and a fusion encoder with a modular Transformer network. Specifically, we introduce Mixture-of-Modality-Experts (MoME) Transformer, where each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Hangbo Bao , Wenhui Wang , Li Dong , Qiang Liu , Owais Khan Mohammed , Kriti Aggarwal , Subhojit Som , Furu Wei

Recent advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to significant breakthroughs across various tasks, laying the foundation for the development of LLM-based speech translation systems. Existing methods primarily focus on aligning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Henglyu Liu , Andong Chen , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Meizhi Zhong , Yuan Qiu , Min Zhang

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) model is a promising approach for handling code-switching speech recognition (CS-ASR) tasks. However, the existing CS-ASR work on MoE has yet to leverage the advantages of MoE's parameter scaling ability fully.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Hukai Huang , Shenghui Lu , Yahui Shan , He Qu , Fengrun Zhang , Wenhao Guan , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has gained increasing popularity as a promising framework for scaling up large language models (LLMs). However, training MoE from scratch in a large-scale setting still suffers from data-hungry and instability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tong Zhu , Xiaoye Qu , Daize Dong , Jiacheng Ruan , Jingqi Tong , Conghui He , Yu Cheng

Recent advancements have shown that the Mixture of Experts (MoE) approach significantly enhances the capacity of large language models (LLMs) and improves performance on downstream tasks. Building on these promising results, multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Linglin Jing , Yuting Gao , Zhigang Wang , Wang Lan , Yiwen Tang , Wenhai Wang , Kaipeng Zhang , Qingpei Guo

Next location prediction plays a critical role in understanding human mobility patterns. However, existing approaches face two core limitations: (1) they fall short in capturing the complex, multi-functional semantics of real-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Shuai Liu , Ning Cao , Yile Chen , Yue Jiang , Gao Cong

Research in the past years introduced Steered Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) as a framework to form sparse, edge-aware models for 2D- and higher dimensional pixel data, applicable to compression, denoising, and beyond, and capable to compete…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-08 Elvira Fleig , Erik Bochinski , Thomas Sikora

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results. However, existing models are expensive to train and deploy, and it is also difficult to expand their knowledge beyond pre-training data without forgetting previous knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Yikang Shen , Zheyu Zhang , Tianyou Cao , Shawn Tan , Zhenfang Chen , Chuang Gan

We present Self-MoE, an approach that transforms a monolithic LLM into a compositional, modular system of self-specialized experts, named MiXSE (MiXture of Self-specialized Experts). Our approach leverages self-specialization, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Junmo Kang , Leonid Karlinsky , Hongyin Luo , Zhen Wang , Jacob Hansen , James Glass , David Cox , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Alan Ritter

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture enables the scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) to trillions of parameters by activating a sparse subset of weights for each input, maintaining constant computational cost during inference.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Shihao Ji , Zihui Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in various natural language processing tasks, but how wireless communications can support LLMs has not been extensively studied. In this paper, we propose a wireless distributed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Nan Xue , Yaping Sun , Zhiyong Chen , Meixia Tao , Xiaodong Xu , Liang Qian , Shuguang Cui , Ping Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Large Language Models (LLMs) face a trilemma of load imbalance, parameter redundancy, and communication overhead. We introduce a unified framework based on dynamic expert clustering and structured compression to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Peijun Zhu , Ning Yang , Baoliang Tian , Jiayu Wei , Weihao Zhang , Haijun Zhang , Pin Lv

The Mixtures-of-Experts (MoE) model is a widespread distributed and integrated learning method for large language models (LLM), which is favored due to its ability to sparsify and expand models efficiently. However, the performance of MoE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jing Li , Zhijie Sun , Xuan He , Li Zeng , Yi Lin , Entong Li , Binfan Zheng , Rongqian Zhao , Xin Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the key to scaling modern LLMs, yet little is understood about how their sparse routing dynamics respond to multilingual data. In this work, we analyze expert routing patterns using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Chenyuan Yang , Mohsen Fayyaz , Junlin Hu , Nanyun Peng

Mixture of Experts (MoE) has become a key architectural paradigm for efficiently scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) by selectively activating a subset of parameters for each input token. However, standard MoE architectures face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zehua Liu , Han Wu , Ruifeng She , Xiaojin Fu , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan