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Does the act of writing a specification (how the code should behave) for a piece of security sensitive code lead to developers producing more secure code? We asked 138 developers to write a snippet of code to store a password: Half of them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Joseph Hallett , Nikhil Patnaik , Benjamin Shreeve , Awais Rashid

Mainstream messaging platforms offer a variety of features designed to enhance user privacy, such as password-protected chats and end-to-end encryption, which primarily protect message contents. Beyond contents, a lot can be inferred about…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Carla F. Griggio , Boel Nelson , Zefan Sramek , Aslan Askarov

When users leave their mobile devices unattended, or let others use them momentarily, they are susceptible to privacy breaches. Existing technological defenses, such as unlock authentication or account switching, have proven to be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Tiago Guerreiro , Ana Pires , Luís Carriço

A password composition policy restricts the space of allowable passwords to eliminate weak passwords that are vulnerable to statistical guessing attacks. Usability studies have demonstrated that existing password composition policies can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-02-26 Jeremiah Blocki , Saranga Komanduri , Ariel Procaccia , Or Sheffet

It is practically impossible for users to memorize a large portfolio of strong and individual passwords for their online accounts. A solution is to generate passwords randomly and store them. Yet, storing passwords instead of memorizing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-27 Moritz Horsch , Johannes Braun , Dominique Metz , Johannes Buchmann

Passwords should be easy to remember, yet expiration policies mandate their frequent change. Caught in the crossfire between these conflicting requirements, users often adopt creative methods to perform slight variations over time. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Davide Berardi , Franco Callegati , Andrea Melis , Marco Prandini

Nowadays, advanced security mechanisms exist to protect data, systems, and networks. Most of these mechanisms are effective, and security experts can handle them to achieve a sufficient level of security for any given system. However, most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-25 Hans-Joachim Hof

The aim of this work is to study the evolution of password selection among users. We investigate whether users follow best practices when selecting passwords and identify areas in need of improvement. Four distinct publicly-available…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Theodosis Mourouzis , Kyriacos E. Pavlou , Stylianos Kampakis

Low-code applications are gaining popularity across various fields, enabling non-developers to participate in the software development process. However, due to the strong reliance on graphical user interfaces, they may unintentionally…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Mohammadali Mohammadkhani , Sara Zahedi Movahed , Hourieh Khalajzadeh , Mojtaba Shahin , Khuong Tran Hoang

This paper addresses the limited attention given to blind users as content creators in Content Management Systems (CMS), a gap that remains under-explored in web accessibility research. For blind authors, effective interaction with CMS…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Guillermo Vera-Amaro , José Rafael Rojano-Cáceres

Persons with visual impairments have often been a soft target for cybercriminals, and they are more susceptible to cyber attacks in the digital environment. The attacks, as mentioned above, are because they are visually/aurally exposed to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Balayogi G , Kuppusamy K S

Virtual Reality (VR) has witnessed a rising issue of harassment, prompting the integration of safety controls like muting and blocking in VR applications. However, the lack of standardized safety measures across VR applications hinders…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Abhinaya S. B. , Aafaq Sabir , Anupam Das

Information technology has made e-learning possible and available on a large scale. Learning management system (LMS) has been widely used and is accessible through the Internet. However, LMS are exposed to various threats. Proper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Mohd Faiz Hilmi , Yanti Mustapha

As virtual 3D environments become more prevalent, equitable access is essential for blind and low-vision (BLV) users, who face challenges with spatial awareness, navigation, and interaction. Prior work has explored supplementing visual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xinyun Cao , Kexin Phyllis Ju , Chenglin Li , Venkatesh Potluri , Dhruv Jain

While audio description (AD) is the standard approach for making videos accessible to blind and low vision (BLV) people, existing AD guidelines do not consider BLV users' varied preferences across viewing scenarios. These scenarios range…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Lucy Jiang , Crescentia Jung , Mahika Phutane , Abigale Stangl , Shiri Azenkot

This paper presents a systematic literature review of music technology tailored for blind and low vision (BLV) individuals. Music activities can be particularly beneficial for BLV people. However, a systematic approach to organizing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Shumeng Zhang , Raul Masu , Mela Bettega , Mingming Fan

Being able to access software in daily life is vital for everyone, and thus accessibility is a fundamental challenge for software development. However, given the number of accessibility issues reported by many users, e.g., in app reviews,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Tingting Bi , Xin Xia , David Lo , John Grundy , Thomas Zimmermann , Denae Ford

Password authentication suffers from the well-known tradeoff between security and usability. Secure passwords are difficult for users to remember, and memorable passwords are often easy to guess. SPARse Two-dimensional AuthenticatioN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Sarah C. Helble , Alexander J. Gartner , Jennifer A. McKneely

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for automated evaluations and explaining them. However, concerns about explanation quality, consistency, and hallucinations remain open research challenges, particularly in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Vincent Freiberger , Arthur Fleig , Erik Buchmann

Single-factor password-based authentication is generally the norm to access on-line Web-sites. While single-factor authentication is well known to be a weak form of authentication, a further concern arises when considering the possibility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Simone Raponi , Roberto Di Pietro
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