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To prove that a polynomial is nonnegative on R^n one can try to show that it is a sum of squares of polynomials (SOS). The latter problem is now known to be reducible to a semidefinite programming (SDP) computation much faster than…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-10-27 J. Maurice Rojas , Swaminathan Sethuraman

Sum of squares (SOS) optimization is a powerful technique for solving problems where the positivity of a polynomials must be enforced. The common approach to solve an SOS problem is by relaxation to a Semidefinite Program (SDP). The main…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Daniel Keren , Margarita Osadchy , Roi Poranne

A widely used method for solving SOS (Sum Of Squares) decomposition problem is to reduce it to the problem of semi-definite programs (SDPs) which can be efficiently solved in theory. In practice, although many SDP solvers can work out some…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Haokun Li , Bican Xia

We study the problem of decomposing a non-negative polynomial as an exact sum of squares (SOS) in the case where the associated semidefinite program is feasible but not strictly feasible (for example if the polynomial has real zeros).…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-11 Santiago Laplagne

This paper presents a novel algorithm for constructing a sum-of-squares (SOS) decomposition for positive semi-definite polynomials with rational coefficients. Unlike previous methods that typically yield SOS decompositions with…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Zhenbing Zeng , Yong Huang , Lu Yang , Yongsheng Rao

Sum-of-squares (SOS) optimization provides a computationally tractable framework for certifying polynomial nonnegativity. If the considered problem is convex, the SOS problem can be transcribed into and solved by semi-definite programs.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Jan Olucak , Torbjørn Cunis

Assessing non-negativity of multivariate polynomials over the reals, through the computation of {\em certificates of non-negativity}, is a topical issue in polynomial optimization. This is usually tackled through the computation of {\em…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Victor Magron , Mohab Safey El Din , Trung-Hieu Vu

In this paper, we present a computational approach to certify almost sure reachability for discrete-time polynomial stochastic systems by turning drift--variant criteria into sum-of-squares (SOS) programs solved with standard semidefinite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Arash Bahari Kordabad , Rupak Majumdar , Sadegh Soudjani

We develop a general and unconditional framework for certifying the global nonnegativity of multivariate integer polynomials; based on rewriting them as sum of squares modulo their gradient ideals. We remove the two structural assumptions…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Matías R Bender , Khazhgali Kozhasov , Elias Tsigaridas , Chaoping Zhu

We show that if a system of degree-$k$ polynomial constraints on~$n$ Boolean variables has a Sums-of-Squares (SOS) proof of unsatisfiability with at most~$s$ many monomials, then it also has one whose degree is of the order of the square…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Albert Atserias , Tuomas Hakoniemi

It is well-known that any sum of squares (SOS) program can be cast as a semidefinite program (SDP) of a particular structure and that therein lies the computational bottleneck for SOS programs, as the SDPs generated by this procedure are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-05 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Georgina Hall , Antonis Papachristodoulou , James Saunderson , Yang Zheng

A polynomial that is a sum of squares (SOS) of other polynomials is evidently positive. The converse is not true, there are positive polynomials which are not SOS. This note focuses on the problem of certifying, in exact arithmetic, that a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Didier Henrion

Global polynomial optimization is an important tool across applied mathematics, with many applications in operations research, engineering, and physical sciences. In various settings, the polynomials depend on external parameters that may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Richard L. Zhu , Mathias Oster , Yuehaw Khoo

This paper introduces a notion of decomposition and completion of sum-of-squares (SOS) matrices. We show that a subset of sparse SOS matrices with chordal sparsity patterns can be equivalently decomposed into a sum of multiple SOS matrices…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-13 Yang Zheng , Giovanni Fantuzzi , Antonis Papachristodoulou

This paper introduces a novel approach for learning polynomial representations of physical objects. Given a point cloud data set associated with a physical object, we solve a one-class classification problem to bound the data points by a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Morgan Jones

A popular numerical method to compute SOS (sum of squares of polynomials) decompositions for polynomials is to transform the problem into semi-definite programming (SDP) problems and then solve them by SDP solvers. In this paper, we focus…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Liyun Dai , Bican Xia

Automated proving of polynomial inequalities is a fundamental challenge in automated mathematical reasoning, where rich algebraic structure and a rapidly growing certificate search space hinder scalability. Purely symbolic approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ruobing Zuo , Hanrui Zhao , Gaolei He , Zhengfeng Yang , Jianlin Wang

A sum-of-squares is a polynomial that can be expressed as a sum of squares of other polynomials. Determining if a sum-of-squares decomposition exists for a given polynomial is equivalent to a linear matrix inequality feasibility problem.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-03-07 Peter Seiler , Qian Zheng , Gary Balas

Let $P:\{0,1\}^k \to \{0,1\}$ be a nontrivial $k$-ary predicate. Consider a random instance of the constraint satisfaction problem $\mathrm{CSP}(P)$ on $n$ variables with $\Delta n$ constraints, each being $P$ applied to $k$ randomly chosen…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Pravesh K. Kothari , Ryuhei Mori , Ryan O'Donnell , David Witmer

We consider certificates of positivity for univariate polynomials with rational coefficients that are positive over (an interval of)~$\mathbb{R}$. Such certificates take the form of weighted sums of squares (SOS) of polynomials with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Matías Bender , Philipp Di Dio , Elias Tsigaridas
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