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Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a widely used technique in exploratory data analysis, visualization, and data preprocessing, leveraging the concept of variance to identify key dimensions in datasets. In this study, we focus on the…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-03 Reza Dastranj , Martin Kolar

Data reconciliation (DR) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are two popular data analysis techniques in process industries. Data reconciliation is used to obtain accurate and consistent estimates of variables and parameters from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Shankar Narasimhan , Nirav Bhatt

We study the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) problem in the distributed and streaming models of computation. Given a matrix $A \in R^{m \times n},$ a rank parameter $k < rank(A)$, and an accuracy parameter $0 < \epsilon < 1$, we want to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Christos Boutsidis , David P. Woodruff , Peilin Zhong

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a powerful method that can identify patterns in large, complex data sets by constructing low-dimensional order parameters from higher-dimensional feature vectors. There are increasing efforts to use…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 C. J. O. Reichhardt , D. McDermott , C. Reichhardt

Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most commonly used statistical procedures with a wide range of applications. This paper considers both minimax and adaptive estimation of the principal subspace in the high dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-08 T. Tony Cai , Zongming Ma , Yihong Wu

In this paper we analyze approximate methods for undertaking a principal components analysis (PCA) on large data sets. PCA is a classical dimension reduction method that involves the projection of the data onto the subspace spanned by the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-16 Darren Homrighausen , Daniel J. McDonald

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods are efficient tools to reduce the dimension (or the number of variables) of complex data. Sparse principal components (PCs) are easier to interpret than conventional PCs, because most…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-04-22 Dan Shen , Haipeng Shen , J. S. Marron

The study of stability and sensitivity of statistical methods or algorithms with respect to their data is an important problem in machine learning and statistics. The performance of the algorithm under resampling of the data is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Haoyu Wang

As tensors become widespread in modern data analysis, Tucker low-rank Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has become essential for dimensionality reduction and structural discovery in tensor datasets. Motivated by the common scenario where…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-08 Elynn Chen , Xi Chen , Wenbo Jing , Yichen Zhang

Constructing an efficient parameterization of a large, noisy data set of points lying close to a smooth manifold in high dimension remains a fundamental problem. One approach consists in recovering a local parameterization using the local…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-12-09 Daniel N. Kaslovsky , Francois G. Meyer

This article focuses on the robust principal component analysis (PCA) of high-dimensional data with elliptical distributions. We investigate the PCA of the sample spatial-sign covariance matrix in both nonsparse and sparse contexts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Ping Zhao , Hongfei Wang , Long Feng

When the dimension of data is comparable to or larger than the number of data samples, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) may exhibit problematic high-dimensional noise. In this work, we propose an Empirical Bayes PCA method that reduces…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-07 Xinyi Zhong , Chang Su , Zhou Fan

Principal component analysis (PCA) aims at estimating the direction of maximal variability of a high-dimensional dataset. A natural question is: does this task become easier, and estimation more accurate, when we exploit additional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Andrea Montanari , Emile Richard

When synthesizing multi-source high-dimensional data, a key objective is to extract low-dimensional representations that effectively approximate the original features across different sources. Such representations facilitate the discovery…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhenyu Wang , Molei Liu , Jing Lei , Francis Bach , Zijian Guo

We consider the dimensionality-reduction problem (finding a subspace approximation of observed data) for contaminated data in the high dimensional regime, where the number of observations is of the same magnitude as the number of variables…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-05-14 Huan Xu , Constantine Caramanis , Shie Mannor

Principal component analysis (PCA) is by far the most widespread tool for unsupervised learning with high-dimensional data sets. Its application is popularly studied for the purpose of exploratory data analysis and online process…

Applications · Statistics 2019-02-12 Stefania Russo , Guangyu Li , Kris Villez

Of particular interest is to discover useful representations solely from observations in an unsupervised generative manner. However, the question of whether existing normalizing flows provide effective representations for downstream tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Shen Li , Bryan Hooi

This paper proposes a hierarchical approximate-factor approach to analyzing high-dimensional, large-scale heterogeneous time series data using distributed computing. The new method employs a multiple-fold dimension reduction procedure using…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-20 Zhaoxing Gao , Ruey S. Tsay

Sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) has emerged as a powerful technique for modern data analysis, providing improved interpretation of low-rank structures by identifying localized spatial structures in the data and disambiguating…

The problem of principle component analysis (PCA) is traditionally solved by spectral or algebraic methods. We show how computing the leading principal component could be reduced to solving a \textit{small} number of well-conditioned {\it…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-11-26 Dan Garber , Elad Hazan