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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, yet there is ongoing debate about these abilities and the potential data contamination problem recently. This paper aims to evaluate the reasoning capacities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yiming Huang , Zhenghao Lin , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Shuai Lu , Fangyu Lei , Yaobo Liang , Yelong Shen , Chen Lin , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yang Sui , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Jiamu Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Jiayi Yuan , Hongyi Liu , Andrew Wen , Shaochen Zhong , Na Zou , Hanjie Chen , Xia Hu

Recent generations of language models have introduced Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) that generate detailed thinking processes before providing answers. While these models demonstrate improved performance on reasoning benchmarks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Parshin Shojaee , Iman Mirzadeh , Keivan Alizadeh , Maxwell Horton , Samy Bengio , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Thinking LLMs solve complex tasks at the expense of increased compute and overthinking on simpler problems, while non-thinking LLMs are faster and cheaper but underthink on harder reasoning problems. This has led to the development of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Pranjal Aggarwal , Seungone Kim , Jack Lanchantin , Sean Welleck , Jason Weston , Ilia Kulikov , Swarnadeep Saha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language processing tasks, such as text generation and semantic understanding. However, their performance on numerical reasoning tasks, such as basic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Haoyang Li , Xuejia Chen , Zhanchao XU , Darian Li , Nicole Hu , Fei Teng , Yiming Li , Luyu Qiu , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Scaling pre-training compute has proven effective for achieving mulitlinguality, but does the same hold for test-time scaling? In this work, we introduce MCLM, a multilingual math benchmark featuring competition-level problems in 55…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Guijin Son , Jiwoo Hong , Hyunwoo Ko , James Thorne

Recent advancements in large language models have led to significant improvements across various tasks, including mathematical reasoning, which is used to assess models' intelligence in logical reasoning and problem-solving. Models are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Erez Yosef , Oron Anschel , Shunit Haviv Hakimi , Asaf Gendler , Adam Botach , Nimrod Berman , Igor Kviatkovsky

Understanding the limitations of Large Language Models, or LLMs, in mathematical reasoning has been the focus of several recent studies. However, the majority of these studies use the same datasets for benchmarking, which limits the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Samuel Golladay , Majid Bani-Yaghoub

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved impressive performance in complex tasks, often outperforming conventional large language models (LLMs). However, the prevalent issue of overthinking severely limits their computational efficiency.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhiyuan Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable text generation capabilities, and recent advances in training paradigms have led to breakthroughs in their reasoning performance. In this work, we investigate how the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Benjamin Estermann , Roger Wattenhofer

The rapid advancement of large reasoning models has saturated existing math benchmarks, underscoring the urgent need for more challenging evaluation frameworks. To address this, we introduce OlymMATH, a rigorously curated, Olympiad-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haoxiang Sun , Yingqian Min , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Reasoning capabilities of large language models are primarily studied for English, even when pretrained models are multilingual. In this work, we investigate to what extent English reasoning finetuning with long chain-of-thoughts (CoTs) can…

Large language models (LLMs) show strong performance across natural language processing (NLP), mathematical reasoning, and programming, and recent large reasoning models (LRMs) further emphasize explicit reasoning. Yet their computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Hyundong Jin , Joonghyuk Hahn , Yo-Sub Han

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on reasoning benchmarks, yet their ability to solve real-world problems requiring end-to-end workflows remains unclear. Mathematical modeling competitions provide a stringent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yizhe Yang , Hongyan Zhao , Zhizhuo Zeng , Yang Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in mathematical reasoning, underscoring the need for a comprehensive and fair evaluation of their capabilities. However, existing benchmarks often fall short, either lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Xin Xu , Jiaxin Zhang , Tianhao Chen , Zitong Chao , Jishan Hu , Can Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been applied to Math Word Problems (MWPs) with transformative impacts, revolutionizing how these complex problems are approached and solved in various domains including educational settings. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Joykirat Singh , Akshay Nambi , Vibhav Vineet

We present TuringQ, the first benchmark designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the theory of computation. TuringQ consists of 4,006 undergraduate and graduate-level question-answer pairs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Pardis Sadat Zahraei , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Argumentation skills are an essential toolkit for large language models (LLMs). These skills are crucial in various use cases, including self-reflection, debating collaboratively for diverse answers, and countering hate speech. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yamen Ajjour , Carlotta Quensel , Nedim Lipka , Henning Wachsmuth

Large language models (LLMs) with advanced cognitive capabilities are emerging as agents for various reasoning and planning tasks. Traditional evaluations often focus on specific reasoning or planning questions within controlled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tianlong Wang , Pinqiao Wang , Weili Shi , Sheng li

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on natural-language logical reasoning is essential because rule-governed tasks require conclusions to follow strictly from stated premises. Many existing logical-reasoning benchmarks are generated by…