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Related papers: Dr.LLM: Dynamic Layer Routing in LLMs

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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) significantly improve the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning to reason, exhibiting promising performance in solving complex tasks. However, their deliberative reasoning process leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yue Liu , Jiaying Wu , Yufei He , Ruihan Gong , Jun Xia , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Hongyu Chen , Baolong Bi , Jiaheng Zhang , Zhiqi Huang , Bryan Hooi , Stan Z. Li , Keqin Li

Dynamic evaluation of language models (LMs) adapts model parameters at test time using gradient information from previous tokens and substantially improves LM performance. However, it requires over 3x more compute than standard inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Kevin Clark , Kelvin Guu , Ming-Wei Chang , Panupong Pasupat , Geoffrey Hinton , Mohammad Norouzi

We investigate the robustness of Large Language Models (LLMs) to structural interventions by deleting and swapping adjacent layers during inference. Surprisingly, models retain 72-95% of their original top-1 prediction accuracy without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vedang Lad , Jin Hwa Lee , Wes Gurnee , Max Tegmark

Scaling model size and training data has led to great advances in the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the diminishing returns of this approach necessitate alternative methods to improve model capabilities, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Daman Arora , Andrea Zanette

LLM routing aims to achieve a favorable quality--cost trade-off by dynamically assigning easy queries to smaller models and harder queries to stronger ones. However, across both unimodal and multimodal settings, we uncover a pervasive yet…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Guannan Lai , Han-Jia Ye

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently updated, LoRA weights trained on earlier versions quickly become obsolete. The conventional practice of retraining LoRA weights from scratch on the latest model is costly, time-consuming, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yanan Li , Fanxu Meng , Muhan Zhang , Shiai Zhu , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Large Language Models are growing in size, and we expect them to continue to do so, as larger models train quicker. However, this increase in size will severely impact inference costs. Therefore model compression is important, to retain the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Georgy Tyukin

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been a driving force in transforming various domains, reshaping the artificial general intelligence landscape. However, the increasing computational and memory demands of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Tianyu Ding , Tianyi Chen , Haidong Zhu , Jiachen Jiang , Yiqi Zhong , Jinxin Zhou , Guangzhi Wang , Zhihui Zhu , Ilya Zharkov , Luming Liang

While reasoning-augmented large language models (RLLMs) significantly enhance complex task performance through extended reasoning chains, they inevitably introduce substantial unnecessary token consumption, particularly for simpler problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yang He , Xiao Ding , Bibo Cai , Yufei Zhang , Kai Xiong , Zhouhao Sun , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive results but face challenges from increasing model sizes and computational costs. Structured pruning reduces model size and speeds up inference but often causes uneven degradation across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hexuan Deng , Wenxiang Jiao , Xuebo Liu , Jing Li , Min Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are conversational interfaces. As such, LLMs have the potential to assist their users not only when they can fully specify the task at hand, but also to help them define, explore, and refine what they need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Philippe Laban , Hiroaki Hayashi , Yingbo Zhou , Jennifer Neville

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools but are often expensive to deploy at scale. LLM query routing mitigates this by dynamically assigning queries to models of varying cost and quality to obtain a desired trade-off. Prior query…

Long-sequence decision-making, which is usually addressed through reinforcement learning (RL), is a critical component for optimizing strategic operations in dynamic environments, such as real-time bidding in computational advertising. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xiaowei Lv , Zhilin Zhang , Yijun Li , Yusen Huo , Siyuan Ju , Xuyan Li , Chunxiang Hong , Tianyu Wang , Yongcai Wang , Peng Sun , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven significant progress, yet their growing parameter counts and context windows incur prohibitive compute, energy, and monetary costs. We introduce EfficientLLM, a novel benchmark and the first…

Agents built on large language models (LLMs) rely on a range of reliability techniques, including retry, majority voting, and self-consistency, that have been developed in parallel rather than within a common analytical framework. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hamed Omidvar , Vahideh Akhlaghi

Large language model (LLM) routing has emerged as a crucial strategy for balancing computational costs with performance by dynamically assigning queries to the most appropriate model based on query complexity. Despite recent advances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Aly M. Kassem , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin

The demand for efficient large language model (LLM) inference has propelled the development of dedicated accelerators. As accelerators are vulnerable to hardware faults due to aging, variation, etc, existing accelerator designs often…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tong Xie , Jiawang Zhao , Zishen Wan , Zuodong Zhang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT3.5, GPT4 and LLAMA2 perform surprisingly well and outperform human experts on many tasks. However, in many domain-specific evaluations, these LLMs often suffer from hallucination problems due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuqi Wang , Boran Jiang , Yi Luo , Dawei He , Peng Cheng , Liangcai Gao

Transformer models have established new benchmarks in natural language processing; however, their increasing depth results in substantial growth in parameter counts. While existing recurrent transformer methods address this issue by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Anthony Nguyen , Wenjun Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu