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The dominant paradigm for RLHF is online and on-policy RL: synchronously generating from the large language model (LLM) policy, labelling with a reward model, and learning using feedback on the LLM's own outputs. While performant, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Michael Noukhovitch , Shengyi Huang , Sophie Xhonneux , Arian Hosseini , Rishabh Agarwal , Aaron Courville

The promotion of large-scale applications of reinforcement learning (RL) requires efficient training computation. While existing parallel RL frameworks encompass a variety of RL algorithms and parallelization techniques, the excessively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jing Hou , Guang Chen , Ruiqi Zhang , Zhijun Li , Shangding Gu , Changjun Jiang

Modern deployment of large language models (LLMs) frequently involves both inference serving and continuous retraining to stay aligned with evolving data and user feedback. Common practices separate these workloads onto distinct servers in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yufei Li , Zexin Li , Yinglun Zhu , Cong Liu

Scaling reinforcement learning (RL) has shown strong promise for enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), particularly in tasks requiring long chain-of-thought generation. However, RL training efficiency is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yiqi Zhang , Huiqiang Jiang , Xufang Luo , Zhihe Yang , Chengruidong Zhang , Yifei Shen , Dongsheng Li , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu , Yang You

Post-training has become essential for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex downstream behaviors, including instruction following, preference alignment, and multi-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chengqian Zhang , Wei Zhu , Kyumin Lee

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training have led to notable improvements in large language models (LLMs), particularly in enhancing their reasoning capabilities to handle complex tasks. However, most existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhenting Wang , Guofeng Cui , Yu-Jhe Li , Kun Wan , Wentian Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown strong potential in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models and is now being actively extended to vision-language models (VLMs). However, existing RL applications in VLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Yan Ma , Steffi Chern , Xuyang Shen , Yiran Zhong , Pengfei Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are routinely pre-trained on billions of tokens, only to start the process over again once new data becomes available. A much more efficient solution is to continually pre-train these models, saving significant…

Scaling long-context capabilities is crucial for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, real-world multimodal datasets are extremely heterogeneous. Existing training frameworks predominantly rely on static parallelism…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yifan Niu , Han Xiao , Dongyi Liu , Wei Zhou , Jia Li

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved remarkable success in vision-language tasks, yet their vast parameter counts are often underutilized during both training and inference. In this work, we embrace the idea of looping back to move…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ruihan Xu , Yuting Gao , Lan Wang , Jianing Li , Weihao Chen , Qingpei Guo , Ming Yang , Shiliang Zhang

Large-scale ML training jobs are frequently interrupted by hardware and software anomalies, failures, and management events. Existing solutions like checkpoint-restart or runtime reconfiguration suffer from long downtimes and degraded…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 ChonLam Lao , Jiaqi Gao , Jiamin Cao , Zhipeng Zhang , Pengcheng Zhang , Jiangfei Duan , Zhilong Zheng , Yu Guan , Yichi Xu , Yong Li , Zhengping Qian , Aditya Akella , Minlan Yu , Ennan Zhai , Dennis Cai , Jingren Zhou

The pursuit of general-purpose artificial intelligence depends on large language models (LLMs) that can handle both structured reasoning and open-ended generation. We present Omni-Thinker, a unified reinforcement learning (RL) framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Derek Li , Jiaming Zhou , Leo Maxime Brunswic , Abbas Ghaddar , Qianyi Sun , Liheng Ma , Yu Luo , Dong Li , Mark Coates , Jianye Hao , Yingxue Zhang

Recent progress in large models has led to significant advances in unified multimodal generation and understanding. However, the development of models that unify motion-language generation and understanding remains largely underexplored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zekun Li , Sizhe An , Chengcheng Tang , Chuan Guo , Ivan Shugurov , Linguang Zhang , Amy Zhao , Srinath Sridhar , Lingling Tao , Abhay Mittal

State-of-the-art results in large language models (LLMs) often rely on scale, which becomes computationally expensive. This has sparked a research agenda to reduce these models' parameter counts and computational costs without significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiuying Wei , Skander Moalla , Razvan Pascanu , Caglar Gulcehre

Large language models (LLMs) deployed on edge servers are increasingly used in latency-sensitive applications such as personalized assistants, recommendation, and content moderation. However, the non-stationary nature of user data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yufei Li , Yu Fu , Yue Dong , Cong Liu

Temporal Video Grounding (TVG), the task of locating specific video segments based on language queries, is a core challenge in long-form video understanding. While recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown early promise in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ye Wang , Ziheng Wang , Boshen Xu , Yang Du , Kejun Lin , Zihan Xiao , Zihao Yue , Jianzhong Ju , Liang Zhang , Dingyi Yang , Xiangnan Fang , Zewen He , Zhenbo Luo , Wenxuan Wang , Junqi Lin , Jian Luan , Qin Jin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on language tasks but face challenges when deployed on resource-constrained devices due to their extensive parameters and reliance on dense multiplications, resulting in high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Haoran You , Yipin Guo , Yichao Fu , Wei Zhou , Huihong Shi , Xiaofan Zhang , Souvik Kundu , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Yingyan Celine Lin

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale and new GPUs are released even more frequently, there is an increasing demand for LLM post-training in heterogeneous environments to fully leverage underutilized mid-range or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yongjun He , Shuai Zhang , Jiading Gai , Xiyuan Zhang , Boran Han , Bernie Wang , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a critical component of large language model (LLM) post-training. However, on-policy algorithms used for post-training are not naturally robust to a diversified content of experience replay buffers, which…

Looped computation shows promise in improving the reasoning-oriented performance of LLMs by scaling test-time compute. However, existing approaches typically require either training recurrent models from scratch or applying disruptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Taekhyun Park , Yongjae Lee , Dohee Kim , Hyerim Bae
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