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The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their ability to generate natural language, making texts generated by LLMs increasingly indistinguishable from human-written texts. While recent research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Sergio E. Zanotto , Segun Aroyehun

The potential misuse of ChatGPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding the dissemination of false information, plagiarism, academic dishonesty, and fraudulent activities. Consequently, distinguishing between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Kavita Kumari , Alessandro Pegoraro , Hossein Fereidooni , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

While historical considerations surrounding text authenticity revolved primarily around plagiarism, the advent of large language models (LLMs) has introduced a new challenge: distinguishing human-authored from AI-generated text. This shift…

General large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have shown remarkable success, but it has also raised concerns among people about the misuse of AI-generated texts. Therefore, an important question is how to detect whether the texts are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Rongsheng Wang , Qi Li , Sihong Xie

With increasing usage of generative models for text generation and widespread use of machine generated texts in various domains, being able to distinguish between human written and machine generated texts is a significant challenge. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala

The proliferation of high-quality text from Large Language Models (LLMs) demands reliable and efficient detection methods. While existing training-free approaches show promise, they often rely on surface-level statistics and overlook…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Haitong Luo , Weiyao Zhang , Suhang Wang , Wenji Zou , Chungang Lin , Xuying Meng , Yujun Zhang

With the advent of large language models (LLM), the line between human-crafted and machine-generated texts has become increasingly blurred. This paper delves into the inquiry of identifying discernible and unique linguistic properties in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zae Myung Kim , Kwang Hee Lee , Preston Zhu , Vipul Raheja , Dongyeop Kang

Since the proliferation of LLMs, there have been concerns about their misuse for harmful content creation and spreading. Recent studies justify such fears, providing evidence of LLM vulnerabilities and high potential of their misuse. Humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Dominik Macko , Robert Moro , Ivan Srba

Detecting AI-generated text is a difficult problem to begin with; detecting AI-generated text on social media is made even more difficult due to the short text length and informal, idiosyncratic language of the internet. It is nonetheless…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Hillary Dawkins , Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko

We have witnessed lately a rapid proliferation of advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) capable of generating high-quality text. While these LLMs have revolutionized text generation across various domains, they also pose significant risks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tharindu Kumarage , Garima Agrawal , Paras Sheth , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Joshua Garland , Huan Liu

The burgeoning capabilities of advanced large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have led to an increase in synthetic content generation with implications across a variety of sectors, including media, cybersecurity, public discourse,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xianjun Yang , Liangming Pan , Xuandong Zhao , Haifeng Chen , Linda Petzold , William Yang Wang , Wei Cheng

Decoding strategies for generative large language models (LLMs) are a critical but often underexplored aspect of text generation tasks. Guided by specific hyperparameters, these strategies aim to transform the raw probability distributions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Esteban Garces Arias , Meimingwei Li , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

The growing collaboration between humans and AI models in generative tasks has introduced new challenges in distinguishing between human-written, LLM-generated, and human-LLM collaborative texts. In this work, we collect a multilingual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Minh Ngoc Ta , Dong Cao Van , Duc-Anh Hoang , Minh Le-Anh , Truong Nguyen , My Anh Tran Nguyen , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Sang Dinh

Developing algorithms to differentiate between machine-generated texts and human-written texts has garnered substantial attention in recent years. Existing methods in this direction typically concern an offline setting where a dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Can Chen , Jun-Kun Wang

The rapid development of autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly improved the quality of generated texts, necessitating reliable machine-generated text detectors. A huge number of detectors and collections with AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 German Gritsai , Anastasia Voznyuk , Andrey Grabovoy , Yury Chekhovich

As LLMs increase in accessibility, LLM-generated texts have proliferated across several fields, such as scientific, academic, and creative writing. However, LLMs are not created equally; they may have different architectures and training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Shantanu Thorat , Tianbao Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess an extraordinary capability to produce text that is not only coherent and contextually relevant but also strikingly similar to human writing. They adapt to various styles and genres, producing content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Chinnappa Guggilla , Budhaditya Roy , Trupti Ramdas Chavan , Abdul Rahman , Edward Bowen

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) presents new security challenges, particularly in detecting machine-generated text used for misinformation, impersonation, and content forgery. Most existing detection approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Siyuan Li , Aodu Wulianghai , Guangyan Li , Xi Lin , Qinghua Mao , Yuliang Chen , Jun Wu , Jianhua Li

With the increasing quality and spread of LLM assistants, the amount of generated content is growing rapidly. In many cases and tasks, such texts are already indistinguishable from those written by humans, and the quality of generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Irina Tolstykh , Aleksandra Tsybina , Sergey Yakubson , Aleksandr Gordeev , Vladimir Dokholyan , Maksim Kuprashevich

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly prevalent, reliable methods for detecting AI-generated text are critical for mitigating potential risks. We introduce DependencyAI, a simple and interpretable approach for detecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Sara Ahmed , Tracy Hammond