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A limiting factor towards the wide routine use of wearables devices for continuous healthcare monitoring is their cumbersome and obtrusive nature. This is particularly true for electroencephalography (EEG) recordings, which require the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-20 Laura M. Ferrari , Guy Abi Hanna , Paolo Volpe , Esma Ismailova , François Bremond , Maria A. Zuluaga

Electroencephalography (EEG) stands as a crucial tool in neuroscientific research and clinical diagnostics, providing valuable insights into the electrical activities of the brain. Traditional EEG signal processing techniques, predominantly…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-12 Aryan Govil , Eric Yao , Christina R. Borao

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a common tool used to understand brain activities. The data are typically obtained by placing electrodes at the surface of the scalp and recording the oscillations of currents passing through the electrodes.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Eddy Kwessi , Lloyd Edwards

Intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) offers high-signal-to-noise access to cortical activity for brain-computer interfaces, yet limited per-patient data has led most prior work to rely on small, subject-specific decoders that neglect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liuyin Yang , Qiang Sun , Bob Van Dyck , Eva Calvo Merino , Marc M. Van Hulle

A central challenge in electroencephalography (EEG) foundation modeling is learning transferable representations across recordings with diverse tasks, montages, references, and spectral characteristics. Existing masked modeling approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jamiyan Sukhbaatar , Satoshi Imamura , Toshihisa Tanaka

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals reflect activities on certain brain areas. Effective classification of time-varying EEG signals is still challenging. First, EEG signal processing and feature engineering are time-consuming and highly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Yunhao Liu

Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used by physicians for the diagnosis of numerous neurological disorders. Due to the large volume of EEGs requiring interpretation and the specific expertise involved, artificial intelligence-based…

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a powerful method to understand how the brain processes speech. Linear models have recently been replaced for this purpose with deep neural networks and yield promising results. In related EEG…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-25 Lies Bollens , Tom Francart , Hugo Van Hamme

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an invaluable tool in neuroscience, offering insights into brain activity with high temporal resolution. Recent advancements in machine learning and generative modeling have catalyzed the application of EEG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yashvir Sabharwal , Balaji Rama

While electroencephalogram (EEG) has been a crucial tool for monitoring the brain and diagnosing neurological disorders (e.g., epilepsy), learning meaningful representations from raw EEG signals remains challenging due to limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jia Hong Puah , Sim Kuan Goh , Ziwei Zhang , Zixuan Ye , Chow Khuen Chan , Kheng Seang Lim , Si Lei Fong , Kok Sin Woon , Cuntai Guan

Electroencephalogram (EEG) technology, particularly high-density EEG (HD EEG) devices, is widely used in fields such as neuroscience. HD EEG devices improve the spatial resolution of EEG by placing more electrodes on the scalp, which meet…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Shuqiang Wang , Tong Zhou , Yanyan Shen , Ye Li , Guoheng Huang , Yong Hu

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method of recording brain activity that shows significant promise in applications ranging from disease classification to emotion detection and brain-computer interfaces. Recent advances in deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Amarpal Sahota , Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Zahraa S. Abdallah

The generalization and robustness of an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based computer aided diagnostic system are crucial requirements in actual clinical practice. To reach these goals, we propose a new EEG representation that provides a more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Khadijeh Sadatnejad , Saeed S. Ghidary , Reza Rostami , Reza Kazemi

Electroencephalography (EEG) interpretation using multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offers a novel approach for analyzing brain signals. However, the complex nature of brain activity introduces critical challenges: EEG signals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Ziyi Zeng , Zhenyang Cai , Yixi Cai , Xidong Wang , Junying Chen , Rongsheng Wang , Yipeng Liu , Siqi Cai , Benyou Wang , Zhiguo Zhang , Haizhou Li

The applications of Electroencephalogram (EEG) have been extended to out of laboratory and clinics recently due to the advancements in the technical capabilities. There are various advantageous of EEG, making it a preferable method for a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-14 Ibrahim Kaya

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a popular and effective tool for emotion recognition. However, the propagation mechanisms of EEG in the human brain and its intrinsic correlation with emotions are still obscure to researchers. This work…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jiyao Liu , Hao Wu , Li Zhang , Yanxi Zhao

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool for studying brain function, with applications in clinical neuroscience, diagnosis, and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Recent EEG foundation models trained on large unlabeled corpora aim…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Saarang Panchavati , Uddhav Panchavati , Hiroki Nariai , Corey Arnold , William Speier

Conventional scalp-based EEG systems are cumbersome to use, requiring extensive setup, restrictive wiring, and conductive gels that can dry out and limit long-term monitoring, while also carrying social stigma. As a result, there is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-27 Min Suk Lee , Abhinav Uppal , Ananya Thota , Chetan Pathrabe , Rommani Mondal , Akshay Paul , Yuchen Xu , Gert Cauwenberghs

Clinical electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis rests on a hand-crafted feature catalog refined over decades, \emph{e.g.,} band power, connectivity, complexity, and more. Modern EEG foundation models bypass this catalog, learn directly from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ling Tang , Qian Chen , Jilin Mei , Houshi Xu , Quanshi Zhang , Jing Shao , Na Zou , Xia Hu , Dongrui Liu

Sleep staging is critical for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders. However, capturing both the spatial and temporal relationships within electroencephalogram (EEG) signals during different sleep stages remains…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Xinliang Zhou , Chenyu Liu , Jiaping Xiao , Yang Liu