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Progress in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) requires challenging benchmarks that assess the limits of current methods. However, existing benchmarks often target narrow short-horizon challenges that do not adequately stress the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Bassel Al Omari , Michael Matthews , Alexander Rutherford , Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a powerful tool for training autonomous agents acting independently in a common environment. However, it can lead to sub-optimal behavior when individual incentives and group incentives diverge.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Andreas A. Haupt , Phillip J. K. Christoffersen , Mehul Damani , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in learned tasks, yet they often struggle to adapt to non-stationary environments with feedback. While In-Context Learning and external memory offer some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Lu Yang , Zelai Xu , Minyang Xie , Jiaxuan Gao , Zhao Shok , Yu Wang , Yi Wu

Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) has emerged as an essential tool for simulating social networks, encompassing diverse phenomena such as information dissemination, influence dynamics, and community formation. However, manually configuring varied…

Agent-based modeling (ABM) offers powerful insights into complex systems, but its practical utility has been limited by computational constraints and simplistic agent behaviors, especially when simulating large populations. Recent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ayush Chopra , Shashank Kumar , Nurullah Giray-Kuru , Ramesh Raskar , Arnau Quera-Bofarull

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have made great progress in multi-agent domain. However, due to characteristics of RL, training for complex tasks would be resource-intensive and time-consuming. To meet this challenge,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Zijian Gao , Kele Xu , Bo Ding , Huaimin Wang , Yiying Li , Hongda Jia

Multi-agent reinforcement learning has drawn increasing attention in practice, e.g., robotics and automatic driving, as it can explore optimal policies using samples generated by interacting with the environment. However, high reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Jifeng Hu , Yanchao Sun , Hechang Chen , Sili Huang , haiyin piao , Yi Chang , Lichao Sun

Multi-agent formation as well as obstacle avoidance is one of the most actively studied topics in the field of multi-agent systems. Although some classic controllers like model predictive control (MPC) and fuzzy control achieve a certain…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-16 Yuzi Yan , Xiaoxiang Li , Xinyou Qiu , Jiantao Qiu , Jian Wang , Yu Wang , Yuan Shen

Achieving distributed reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale cooperative multi-agent systems (MASs) is challenging because: (i) each agent has access to only limited information; (ii) issues on convergence or computational complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been increasingly explored to learn the cooperative policy towards maximizing a certain global reward. Many existing studies take advantage of graph neural networks (GNN) in MARL to propagate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Wenlei Shi , Xinran Wei , Jia Zhang , Xiaoyuan Ni , Arthur Jiang , Jiang Bian , Tie-Yan Liu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has long been a significant and everlasting research topic in both machine learning and control. With the recent development of (single-agent) deep RL, there is a resurgence of interests in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for training or fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), enabling adaptive, task-specific optimizations through interactive feedback. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junwei Su , Chuan Wu

Societies are complex. Properties of social systems can be explained by the interplay and weaving of individual actions. Incentives are key to understand people's choices and decisions. For instance, individual preferences of where to live…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-09-20 Egemen Sert , Yaneer Bar-Yam , Alfredo J. Morales

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in addressing complex cooperative tasks. However, existing MARL approaches often rely on frequent exchanges of action or state information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu , Ke Pan

One of the challenges for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is designing efficient learning algorithms for a large system in which each agent has only limited or partial information of the entire system. While exciting progress has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Haotian Gu , Xin Guo , Xiaoli Wei , Renyuan Xu

The advent of artificial intelligence has led to a growing emphasis on data-driven modeling in macroeconomics, with agent-based modeling (ABM) emerging as a prominent bottom-up simulation paradigm. In ABM, agents (e.g., households, firms)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Nian Li , Chen Gao , Mingyu Li , Yong Li , Qingmin Liao

Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Niu , Weihao Zhang , Rong Zhao

Being able to harness the power of large datasets for developing cooperative multi-agent controllers promises to unlock enormous value for real-world applications. Many important industrial systems are multi-agent in nature and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Claude Formanek , Asad Jeewa , Jonathan Shock , Arnu Pretorius

Real-world multi-agent tasks usually involve dynamic team composition with the emergence of roles, which should also be a key to efficient cooperation in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Drawing inspiration from the correlation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zican Hu , Zongzhang Zhang , Huaxiong Li , Chunlin Chen , Hongyu Ding , Zhi Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building generalist agents that can learn through online interactions. However, applying reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLM agents in multi-turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Bowen Lv , Xueqiao Sun , Bohao Jing , Iat Long Iong , Zhenyu Hou , Zehan Qi , Hanyu Lai , Yifan Xu , Rui Lu , Hongning Wang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong