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Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have exhibited promising performance in solving sequential decision-making problems. By imitating few-shot examples provided in the prompts (i.e., in-context learning), an LLM agent can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yuchen Xiao , Yanchao Sun , Mengda Xu , Udari Madhushani , Jared Vann , Deepeka Garg , Sumitra Ganesh

Indoor scene generation has attracted significant attention recently as it is crucial for applications of gaming, virtual reality, and interior design. Current indoor scene generation methods can produce reasonable room layouts but often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Genghao Zhang , Yuxi Wang , Chuanchen Luo , Shibiao Xu , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Man Zhang , Junran Peng

Recent advancements in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong potential for 3D scene understanding. However, existing methods struggle with fine-grained object grounding and contextual reasoning, limiting their ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Haifeng Huang , Yilun Chen , Zehan Wang , Jiangmiao Pang , Zhou Zhao

In this paper, we introduce the InLUT3D point cloud dataset, a comprehensive resource designed to advance the field of scene understanding in indoor environments. The dataset covers diverse spaces within the W7 faculty buildings of Lodz…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Jakub Walczak

Prior studies on 3D scene understanding have primarily developed specialized models for specific tasks or required task-specific fine-tuning. In this study, we propose Grounded 3D-LLM, which explores the potential of 3D large multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yilun Chen , Shuai Yang , Haifeng Huang , Tai Wang , Runsen Xu , Ruiyuan Lyu , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on natural language tasks can be improved through both supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and in-context learning (ICL), which operate via distinct mechanisms. Supervised fine-tuning updates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Saahith Janapati , Yangfeng Ji

Driven by the great success of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the 2D image domain, their applications in 3D scene understanding has emerged as a new trend. A key difference between 3D and 2D is that the situation of an egocentric observer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zhihao Yuan , Yibo Peng , Jinke Ren , Yinghong Liao , Yatong Han , Chun-Mei Feng , Hengshuang Zhao , Guanbin Li , Shuguang Cui , Zhen Li

Medical image analysis is essential to clinical diagnosis and treatment, which is increasingly supported by multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). However, previous research has primarily focused on 2D medical images, leaving 3D images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Fan Bai , Yuxin Du , Tiejun Huang , Max Q. -H. Meng , Bo Zhao

Recent advances in scene understanding have leveraged multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for 3D reasoning by capitalizing on their strong 2D pretraining. However, the lack of explicit 3D data during MLLM pretraining limits 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiaohu Huang , Jingjing Wu , Qunyi Xie , Kai Han

Realistic 3D indoor scene synthesis is vital for embodied AI and digital content creation. It can be naturally divided into two subtasks: object generation and layout generation. While recent generative models have significantly advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xingjian Ran , Yixuan Li , Linning Xu , Mulin Yu , Bo Dai

Humans excel at performing complex tasks by leveraging long-term memory across temporal and spatial experiences. In contrast, current Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to effectively plan and act in dynamic, multi-room 3D environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Wenbo Hu , Yining Hong , Yanjun Wang , Leison Gao , Zibu Wei , Xingcheng Yao , Nanyun Peng , Yonatan Bitton , Idan Szpektor , Kai-Wei Chang

Grounding natural language in 3D environments is a critical step toward achieving robust 3D vision-language alignment. Current datasets and models for 3D visual grounding predominantly focus on identifying and localizing objects from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhuofan Zhang , Ziyu Zhu , Junhao Li , Pengxiang Li , Tianxu Wang , Tengyu Liu , Xiaojian Ma , Yixin Chen , Baoxiong Jia , Siyuan Huang , Qing Li

Procedural generation techniques in 3D rendering engines have revolutionized the creation of complex environments, reducing reliance on manual design. Recent approaches using Large Language Models (LLMs) for 3D scene generation show promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Arafa Yoncalik , Wouter Jansen , Nico Huebel , Mohammad Hasan Rahmani , Jan Steckel

3D indoor scene generation is an important problem for the design of digital and real-world environments. To automate this process, a scene generation model should be able to not only generate plausible scene layouts, but also take into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kelly O. Marshall , Omid Poursaeed , Sergiu Oprea , Amit Kumar , Anushrut Jignasu , Chinmay Hegde , Yilei Li , Rakesh Ranjan

Well-designed indoor scenes should prioritize how people can act within a space rather than merely what objects to place. However, existing 3D scene generation methods emphasize visual and semantic plausibility, while insufficiently…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Semin Jin , Donghyuk Kim , Jeongmin Ryu , Kyung Hoon Hyun

Generating artistic and coherent 3D scene layouts is crucial in digital content creation. Traditional optimization-based methods are often constrained by cumbersome manual rules, while deep generative models face challenges in producing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Xiaoming Zhu , Xu Huang , Qinghongbing Xie , Zhi Deng , Junsheng Yu , Yirui Guan , Zhongyuan Liu , Lin Zhu , Qijun Zhao , Ligang Liu , Long Zeng

Indoor scene understanding remains a fundamental challenge in robotics, with direct implications for downstream tasks such as navigation and manipulation. Traditional approaches often rely on closed-set recognition or loop closure, limiting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hongming Chen , Yiyang Lin , Ziliang Li , Biyu Ye , Yuying Zhang , Ximin Lyu

We present a method for creating 3D indoor scenes with a generative model learned from a collection of semantic-segmented depth images captured from different unknown scenes. Given a room with a specified size, our method automatically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Ming-Jia Yang , Yu-Xiao Guo , Bin Zhou , Xin Tong

The integration of language and 3D perception is crucial for embodied agents and robots that comprehend and interact with the physical world. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive language understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jianing Yang , Xuweiyi Chen , Nikhil Madaan , Madhavan Iyengar , Shengyi Qian , David F. Fouhey , Joyce Chai

The ability to automatically generate large-scale, interactive, and physically realistic 3D environments is crucial for advancing robotic learning and embodied intelligence. However, existing generative approaches often fail to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 ChunTeng Chen , YiChen Hsu , YiWen Liu , WeiFang Sun , TsaiChing Ni , ChunYi Lee , Min Sun , YuanFu Yang