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Phase-contrast microscopy converts the optical phase introduced by transparent, unlabeled specimens into modulation in the intensity image. Modern phase imaging techniques are capable of quantifying phase shift at each point in the field of…

A Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) is one of the most important scanning probe tools available to study and manipulate matter at the nanoscale. In a STM, a tip is scanned on top of a surface with a separation of a few \AA. Often, the…

We describe a fully ultra-high vacuum compatible scanning tunneling microscope (STM) optimized for radio-frequency signals. It includes in-situ exchangeable tips adapted to high frequency cabling and a standard sample holder, which offer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-02-27 Christian Saunus , Jan Raphael Bindel , Marco Pratzer , Markus Morgenstern

Here a new microscopic method is proposed to image and characterize very thin samples like few-layer materials, organic molecules, and nanostructures with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution using electron beams of energies lower than 20…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-06 Ing-Shouh Hwang

We report the achievement of the first atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscope (STM) imaging in a water-cooled magnet (WM), where the extremely harsh vibrations and noises have been the major challenge. This homebuilt WM-STM…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-15 Wenjie Meng , Ying Guo , Yubin Hou , Qingyou Lu

Objective. Prompt-gamma imaging encompasses several approaches for online monitoring of beam range or deposited dose distribution in proton therapy. We test one of the imaging techniques - a coded mask approach - both experimentally and via…

We propose an atom-superposition-based method for simulating spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) from first principles. Our approach provides bias dependent STM images in high spatial resolution, with the capability of…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-11-28 Krisztián Palotás , Werner A. Hofer , László Szunyogh

Here we show scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) and inelastic electron tunnelling spectroscopy (IETS) measurements on organic molecule with a CO- terminated tip at 5K. The high-resolution…

While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zifei Wang , Zian Mao , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Haoran Zhang , Chun Cheng , Shufen Chu , Tingzheng Hou , Xiaoqin Zeng , Yujun Xie

Atomic-scale characteristics of surfaces dictate the principles governing numerous scientific phenomena ranging from catalysis to friction. Despite this fact, our ability to visualize and alter surfaces on the atomic scale is severely…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-10-06 Saima A. Sumaiya , Mehmet Z. Baykara

A simple, reliable method for preparation of bulk Cr tips for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) is proposed and its potentialities in performing high-quality and high-resolution STM and Spin Polarized-STM (SP-STM) are investigated. Cr…

Electron-spin resonance carried out with scanning tunneling microscopes (ESR-STM) is a recently developed experimental technique that is attracting enormous interest on account of its potential to carry out single-spin on-surface resonance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Santiago A. Rodríguez , Sergio S. Gómez , Joaquín Fernández-Rossier , Alejandro Ferrón

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy (TRS) is a powerful modality for non-invasive characterization of turbid media. However, extracting optical properties, absorption $\mu_a$ and reduced scattering $\mu_s'$, from 3D stochastic measurements remains…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Joubine Aghili , Rémi Imbach , Anne Pallarès , Philippe Schmitt , Wilfried Uhring

In this study, sub-angstrom spatial resolution is achieved in mapping and spectroscopy of atoms and bonds within polygonal grain boundaries (GBs) of graphite using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM). Robust van Hove singularities (VHS) are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Nirjhar Sarkar , Prabhakar R. Bandaru , Robert C. Dynes

Recently, the family of high-resolution scanning probe imaging techniques using decorated tips has been complimented by a method based on inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). The new technique resolves the inner structure of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-12-03 Prokop Hapala , F. Stefan Tautz , Ruslan Temirov , Pavel Jelínek

We report on a novel scheme to perform efficient simulations of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) of molecules weakly bonded to surfaces. Calculations are based on a tight binding (TB) technique including self-consistency for the molecule…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Dubois , S. Latil , L. Scifo , B. Grevin , A. Rubio

We present the design, implementation, and illustrative results of a light collection/injection strategy based on an off-axis parabolic mirror collector for a low-temperature Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM). This device allows us to…

We propose a novel femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) technique that combines entangled photons with interference detection to select matter pathways and enhance the resolution. Following photo excitation by an actinic pump,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-15 Konstantin E. Dorfman , Frank Schlawin , Shaul Mukamel

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) is a powerful technique for imaging surfaces with atomic resolution, providing insight into physical and chemical processes at the level of single atoms and molecules. A regular task of STM image…

Single-molecule tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and cryogenic conditions enables exploration of the relations between the adsorption geometry, electronic state, and vibrational fingerprints of individual…