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Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative frameworks by progressively adding noise to data through a forward process and then reversing this process to generate realistic samples. While these models have achieved strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xingzhuo Guo , Yu Zhang , Baixu Chen , Haoran Xu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Spatial profiling technologies in biology, such as imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and spatial transcriptomics (ST), generate high-dimensional, multi-channel data with strong spatial alignment and complex inter-channel relationships.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haoran Zhang , Mingyuan Zhou , Wesley Tansey

Dataset distillation enables the training of deep neural networks with comparable performance in significantly reduced time by compressing large datasets into small and representative ones. Although the introduction of generative models has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingzhuo Li , Guang Li , Jiafeng Mao , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

Diffusion models are a remarkably effective way of learning and sampling from a distribution $p(x)$. In posterior sampling, one is also given a measurement model $p(y \mid x)$ and a measurement $y$, and would like to sample from $p(x \mid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shivam Gupta , Ajil Jalal , Aditya Parulekar , Eric Price , Zhiyang Xun

Enhanced sampling techniques such as umbrella sampling and metadynamics are now routinely used to provide information on how the thermodynamic potential, or free energy, depends on a small number of collective variables. The free energy…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-08-31 Ilaria Gimondi , Gareth A. Tribello , Matteo Salvalaglio

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods have recently shown successful results for conditional sampling of generative diffusion models. In this paper we propose a new diffusion posterior SMC sampler achieving improved statistical efficiencies,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-25 Zheng Zhao

We propose a new multi-scale molecular dynamics simulation method which can achieve high accuracy and high sampling efficiency simultaneously without aforehand knowledge of the coarse grained (CG) potential and test it for a biomolecular…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-08-05 Wenfei Li , Shoji Takada

Tables are an abundant form of data with use cases across all scientific fields. Real-world datasets often contain anomalous samples that can negatively affect downstream analysis. In this work, we only assume access to contaminated data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Guy Zamberg , Moshe Salhov , Ofir Lindenbaum , Amir Averbuch

Sampling from learned high-dimensional distributions is a foundational computational problem. We introduce U-turn chains: Markov chains obtained by iterating short forward-backward steps of a diffusion model, in which each step proposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hyunmo Kang , Noam Itzhak Levi , Corinna Elena Wegner , Daniel J. Korchinski , Matthieu Wyart

The performance of pre-trained masked diffusion models is often constrained by their sampling procedure, which makes decisions irreversible and struggles in low-step generation regimes. We introduce a novel sampling algorithm that works…

The diffusion phenomenon has a remarkable impact on Online Social Networks (OSNs). Gathering diffusion data over these large networks encounters many challenges which can be alleviated by adopting a suitable sampling approach. The…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-05-29 Motahareh Eslami Mehdiabadi , Hamid R. Rabiee , Mostafa Salehi

Diffusion models have demonstrated significant promise in various generative tasks; however, they often struggle to satisfy challenging constraints. Our approach addresses this limitation by rethinking training-free loss-guided diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 William Huang , Yifeng Jiang , Tom Van Wouwe , C. Karen Liu

Local climate information is crucial for impact assessment and decision-making, yet coarse global climate simulations cannot capture small-scale phenomena. Current statistical downscaling methods infer these phenomena as temporally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jonathan Schmidt , Luca Schmidt , Felix Strnad , Nicole Ludwig , Philipp Hennig

Metadynamics, a member of the `flat histogram' class of advanced sampling algorithms, has been widely used in molecular simulations to drive the exploration of states separated by high free energy barriers and promote comprehensive sampling…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 Shanghui Huang , Michael J. Quevillon , Ernesto C. Cortés-Morales , Jonathan K. Whitmer

Recent advances in fast sampling methods for diffusion models have demonstrated significant potential to accelerate generation on image modalities. We apply these methods to 3-dimensional molecular conformations by building on the recently…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-23 Romain Lacombe , Neal Vaidya

The phenomenon of solidification of a substance from its liquid phase is of the greatest practical and theoretical importance, and atomistic simulations can provide precious information towards its understanding and control. Unfortunately,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-25 Tarak Karmakar , Michele Invernizzi , Valerio Rizzi , Michele Parrinello

Metadynamics (MTD) is a very powerful technique to sample high-dimensional free energy landscapes, and due to its self-guiding property, the method has been successful in studying complex reactions and conformational changes. MTD sampling…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-02-05 Shalini Awasthi , Venkat Kapil , Nisanth N. Nair

While energy-based models (EBMs) exhibit a number of desirable properties, training and sampling on high-dimensional datasets remains challenging. Inspired by recent progress on diffusion probabilistic models, we present a diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ruiqi Gao , Yang Song , Ben Poole , Ying Nian Wu , Diederik P. Kingma

Here we propose the Reweighted Autoencoded Variational Bayes for Enhanced Sampling (RAVE) method, a new iterative scheme that uses the deep learning framework of variational autoencoders to enhance sampling in molecular simulations. RAVE…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-02-13 Joao Marcelo Lamim Ribeiro , Pablo Bravo Collado , Yihang Wang , Pratyush Tiwary

We propose a general framework for conditional sampling in PDE-based inverse problems, targeting the recovery of whole solutions from extremely sparse or noisy measurements. This is accomplished by a function-space diffusion model and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiachen Yao , Abbas Mammadov , Julius Berner , Gavin Kerrigan , Jong Chul Ye , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Anima Anandkumar
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