English
Related papers

Related papers: LLM Knowledge is Brittle: Truthfulness Representat…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed in various question-answering tasks. However, recent studies showcase that LLMs are susceptible to persuasion and could adopt counterfactual beliefs. We present a systematic evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Fan Huang , Haewoon Kwak , Jisun An

Rational speakers are supposed to know what they know and what they do not know, and to generate expressions matching the strength of evidence. In contrast, it is still a challenge for current large language models to generate corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Meng Li , Michael Vrazitulis , David Schlangen

Can large language models (LLMs) express their uncertainty in situations where they lack sufficient parametric knowledge to generate reasonable responses? This work aims to systematically investigate LLMs' behaviors in such situations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Genglin Liu , Xingyao Wang , Lifan Yuan , Yangyi Chen , Hao Peng

The development of highly fluent large language models (LLMs) has prompted increased interest in assessing their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. We investigate whether several LLMs can solve a classic type of deductive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Spencer M. Seals , Valerie L. Shalin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved a degree of success in generating coherent and contextually relevant text, yet they remain prone to a significant challenge known as hallucination: producing information that is not substantiated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ray Li , Tanishka Bagade , Kevin Martinez , Flora Yasmin , Grant Ayala , Michael Lam , Kevin Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to achieve impressive results for many reasoning-based NLP tasks, suggesting a degree of deductive reasoning capability. However, it remains unclear to which extent LLMs, in both informal and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Fabian Hoppe , Filip Ilievski , Jan-Christoph Kalo

We investigate how large language models (LLMs) fail when tabular data in an otherwise canonical representation is subjected to semantic and structural distortions. Our findings reveal that LLMs lack an inherent ability to detect and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Avik Dutta , Harshit Nigam , Hosein Hasanbeig , Arjun Radhakrishna , Sumit Gulwani

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various reasoning tasks, aided by techniques like chain-of-thought prompting that elicits verbalized reasoning. However, LLMs often generate text with obvious…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Zhihui Xie , Jizhou Guo , Tong Yu , Shuai Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant advances in natural language processing, but their underlying mechanisms are often misunderstood. Despite exhibiting coherent answers and apparent reasoning behaviors, LLMs rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Bo Zhou , Daniel Geißler , Paul Lukowicz

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many tasks and will even explain their reasoning, so-called self-explanations. However, convincing and wrong self-explanations can lead to unsupported confidence in LLMs, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Andreas Madsen , Sarath Chandar , Siva Reddy

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), an increasing number of student models have leveraged LLMs to analyze textual artifacts generated by students to understand and evaluate their learning. These student models typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Jiayi Zhang

In the training data used by large language models (LLMs), the same latent concept is often presented in multiple distinct ways: the same facts appear in English and Swahili; many functions can be expressed in both Python and Haskell; we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Thomas Vincent Howe , David Wingate

The reliability of large language models (LLMs) is greatly compromised by their tendency to hallucinate, underscoring the need for precise identification of knowledge gaps within LLMs. Various methods for probing such gaps exist, ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Raoyuan Zhao , Abdullatif Köksal , Ali Modarressi , Michael A. Hedderich , Hinrich Schütze

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to acquire reasoning capabilities through shared inference patterns in pre-training data, which are further elicited via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) practices. However, whether fundamental reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xingwei Tan , Marco Valentino , Mahmud Elahi Akhter , Yuxiang Zhou , Maria Liakata , Nikolaos Aletras

Large language models (LLMs) can generate long-form and coherent text, yet they often hallucinate facts, which undermines their reliability. To mitigate this issue, inference-time methods steer LLM representations toward the "truthful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Farima Fatahi Bayat , Xin Liu , H. V. Jagadish , Lu Wang

The evaluation and post-training of large language models (LLMs) rely on supervision, but strong supervision for difficult tasks is often unavailable, especially when evaluating frontier models. In such cases, models are demonstrated to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Tianyi Alex Qiu , Micah Carroll , Cameron Allen

Large language models (LLMs) have played a pivotal role in building communicative AI, yet they encounter the challenge of efficient updates. Model editing enables the manipulation of specific knowledge memories and the behavior of language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xinbei Ma , Tianjie Ju , Jiyang Qiu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Lifeng Liu , Yulong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools for autoformalization. Despite their impressive performance, these models can still struggle to produce grounded and verifiable formalizations. Recent work in text-to-SQL,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hayden Moore , Asfahan Shah

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in metaphor interpretation across multiple datasets, tasks, and prompt configurations. Although metaphor processing has gained significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Elisa Sanchez-Bayona , Rodrigo Agerri

This paper explores the robustness of language models (LMs) to variations in the temporal context within factual knowledge. It examines whether LMs can correctly associate a temporal context with a past fact valid over a defined period, by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hichem Ammar Khodja , Frédéric Béchet , Quentin Brabant , Alexis Nasr , Gwénolé Lecorvé