Related papers: Loading non-Maxwellian Velocity Distributions in P…
We investigate kinetic entropy-based measures of the non-Maxwellianity of distribution functions in plasmas, i.e., entropy-based measures of the departure of a local distribution function from an associated Maxwellian distribution function…
This paper presents the misestimation of temperature when observations from a kappa distributed plasma are analyzed as a Maxwellian. One common method to calculate the space plasma parameters is by fitting the observed distributions using…
The non-Maxwellian $\kappa$-distributions have been detected in the solar transition region and flares. These distributions are characterized by a high-energy tail and a near-Maxwellian core and are known to have significant impact on the…
A unified, fast, and effective approach is developed for numerical calculation of the well-known plasma dispersion function with extensions from Maxwellian distribution to almost arbitrary distribution functions, such as the $\delta$, flat…
For kinetic modeling of plasma processes in space, a rejection-sampling procedure for generating a Kappa distribution in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is proposed. A Pareto distribution is employed as an envelope distribution. The…
An extension of Maxwell's original prescription for an ideal gas is adopted to derive a broad class of Kappa-type velocity distributions, encompassing both fat and short-tailed forms. Within this general framework, a physically consistent…
Most meso-scale simulation methods assume Gaussian distributions of velocity-like quantities. These quantities are not true velocities, however, but rather time-averaged velocities or displacements of particles. We show that there is a…
A numerical technique is introduced that reduces exponentially the time required for Monte Carlo simulations of non-equilibrium systems. Results for the quasi-stationary probability distribution in two model systems are compared with the…
The velocity distribution of spheres rolling on a slightly tilted rectangular two dimensional surface is obtained by high speed imaging. The particles are excited by periodic forcing of one of the side walls. Our data suggests that strongly…
The generally accepted representation of $\kappa$-distributions in space plasma physics allows for two different alternatives, namely assuming either the temperature or the thermal velocity to be $\kappa$-independent. The present paper aims…
In the literature different so-called $\kappa$-distribution functions are discussed to fit and model the velocity (or energy) distributions of solar wind species, pickup ions or magnetospheric particles. Here we introduce a generalized…
The classic optical nebular diagnostics [N II], [O II], [O III], [S II], [S III], and [Ar III] are employed to search for evidence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions, namely $\kappa$ distributions, in a sample of well-observed…
This manuscript outlines a software package that facilitates working with probability distributions by means of Monte-Carlo methods, in a way that allows for propagation of multivariate probability distributions through arbitrary functions.…
The various distribution functions can encompass the diverse characteristics of the magnetospheric plasma of surrounding neutron stars in both hot and cold environments; however, the Maxwell-J\"uttner distribution is so far widely used to…
Thermal Doppler broadening of spectral profiles for particle populations in the absence or presence of potential fields are described by kappa distributions. The kappa distribution provides a replacement for the Maxwell-Boltzmann…
We analyze the statistical properties of radiative transitions for a molecular system possessing discrete, equally spaced, energy levels, interacting with thermal radiation at constant temperature. A radiative fluctuation-dissipation…
Maxwell's first derivation of the equilibrium distribution function for a dilute gas is generalized in the spirit of the nonextensive q-statistics proposed by Tsallis. As an application, the q-Doppler broadening of spectral lines due to the…
Monte Carlo simulations are widely used in many areas including particle accelerators. In this lecture, after a short introduction and reviewing of some statistical backgrounds, we will discuss methods such as direct inversion, rejection…
For random variables produced through the inverse transform method, approximate random variables are introduced, which are produced by approximations to a distribution's inverse cumulative distribution function. These approximations are…
Non-Maxwellian distributions of particles are commonly observed in fusion studies, especially for magnetic confinement fusion plasmas. The particle distribution has a direct effect on fusion reactivity, which is the focus of this study. We…