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We present a short review of the analytical aspects of recent progress in the study of black hole spectral instability and its potential observational consequences. This topic, inspired by earlier foundational works, has attracted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-13 Shui-Fa Shen , Guan-Ru Li , Ramin G. Daghigh , Jodin C. Morey , Michael D. Green , Wei-Liang Qian , Rui-Hong Yue

The ringdown signal following a black hole (BH) merger can be modeled as a superposition of BH quasinormal modes (QNMs), offering a clean setup for testing gravitational theories. In particular, detecting multiple QNMs enables consistency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-17 Soichiro Morisaki , Hayato Motohashi , Motoki Suzuki , Daiki Watarai

The remnant black hole from a binary coalescence emits ringdown gravitational waves characterized by quasinormal modes, which depend solely on the remnant's mass and spin. In contrast, the ringdown amplitudes and phases are determined by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-04 Costantino Pacilio , Swetha Bhagwat , Francesco Nobili , Davide Gerosa

Robust measurements of multiple black hole vibrational modes provide a unique opportunity to characterise gravity in extreme curvature and dynamical regimes, to better investigate the nature of compact objects and search for signs of new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-07 Vasco Gennari , Gregorio Carullo , Walter Del Pozzo

The ringdown signal emitted during a binary black hole coalescence can be modeled as a linear superposition of the characteristic damped modes of the remnant black hole that get excited during the merger phase. While checking the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-17 Xisco Jiménez Forteza , Swetha Bhagwat , Sumit Kumar , Paolo Pani

In the context of the general effort to model black hole dynamics, and in particular their return-to-equilibrium through quasi-normal modes, it is crucial to understand how much test-field perturbations deviate from physical perturbations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-30 Alexandre Arbey , Etera R. Livine , Clara Montagnon

We employ a recently developed spectral method to obtain the spectrum of quasinormal modes of rapidly rotating black holes in alternative theories of gravity and apply it to the black holes of shift-symmetric Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-03 Fech Scen Khoo , Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo , Burkhard Kleihaus , Jutta Kunz

In this paper we study the scalar and electromagnetic perturbations of an extended black hole in F(R) gravity. The quasinormal modes in two cases are evaluated and studied their behavior by plotting graphs in each case. To study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-30 Saneesh Sebastian , V. C. Kuriakose

A preliminary discussion is given of the prospects that gravitational-wave observations of binary inspiral of black holes could reveal or constrain quantum modifications to black hole dynamics, such as are required to preserve postulates of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-08 Steven B. Giddings

Higher-derivative modifications of general relativity are generically expected from effective field theory approaches to quantum gravity, and they arise naturally in Lorentz-violating theories such as Einstein-Ether gravity. In this work,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-02 Sayantan Choudhury , Md Khalid Hossain , Gulnur Bauyrzhan , Koblandy Yerzhanov

Quasinormal modes are a set of damped resonances that describe how an excited open system is driven back to equilibrium. In gravitational physics these modes characterise the ringdown of a perturbed black hole, e.g. following a binary black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-09 Sam Patrick , Antonin Coutant , Mauricio Richartz , Silke Weinfurtner

We study the gravitational perturbations of black holes in quadratic gravity, in which the Einstein-Hilbert term is supplemented by quadratic terms in the curvature tensor. In this class of theories, the Schwarzschild solution can coexist…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-05 Georgios Antoniou , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani

The General Relativity Effective Field Theory (GREFT) introduces higher-derivative interactions to parameterise the gravitational effects of massive degrees of freedom which are too heavy to be probed directly. The coefficients of these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-10 Scott Melville

Over the past year, a handful of new gravitational wave models have been developed to include multiple harmonic modes thereby enabling for the first time fully Bayesian inference studies including higher modes to be performed. Using one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-01 Feroz H. Shaik , Jacob Lange , Scott E. Field , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Vijay Varma , Lawrence E. Kidder , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Daniel Wysocki

We study the constraints on alternative theories of gravity that can be determined by multi-band observations of gravitational wave signals emitted from binary black hole coalescences. We focus on three types of General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-18 Giuseppe Gnocchi , Andrea Maselli , Tiziano Abdelsalhin , Nicola Giacobbo , Michela Mapelli

The presence of extra dimensions generically modify the spacetime geometry of a rotating black hole, by adding an additional hair, besides the mass $M$ and the angular momentum $J$, known as the `tidal charge' parameter, $\beta$. In a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Akash K Mishra , Abhirup Ghosh , Sumanta Chakraborty

In the scope of black hole spectroscopy, several attempts have been made in the past decades in order to test black holes or gravitational theories via black hole quasinormal modes. In the eikonal approximation, the quasinormal modes are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-12 Che-Yu Chen , Pisin Chen

We propose two frequency-domain filters to analyze ringdown signals of binary black hole mergers. The first rational filter is constructed based on a set of (arbitrary) quasi-normal modes (QNMs) of the remnant black holes, whereas the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-13 Sizheng Ma , Keefe Mitman , Ling Sun , Nils Deppe , François Hébert , Lawrence E. Kidder , Jordan Moxon , William Throwe , Nils L. Vu , Yanbei Chen

We perform tests of General Relativity (GR) with gravitational waves (GWs) from the inspiral stage of compact binaries using a theory-independent framework, which adds generic phase corrections to each multipole of a GR waveform model in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-05 Ajit Kumar Mehta , Alessandra Buonanno , Roberto Cotesta , Abhirup Ghosh , Noah Sennett , Jan Steinhoff

Advanced LIGO's recent observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging binary black holes have opened up a unique laboratory to test general relativity (GR) in the highly relativistic regime. One of the tests used to establish the…