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Model predictive control (MPC) is widely used for motion planning, particularly in autonomous driving. Real-time capability of the planner requires utilizing convex approximation of optimal control problems (OCPs) for the planner. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Johannes Fischer , Marlon Steiner , Ömer Sahin Tas , Christoph Stiller

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers for reward-guided diffusion models often suffer from rapid lineage collapse: a few high-reward particles dominate the population within a handful of resampling steps, destroying diversity and degrading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Shivanshu Shekhar , Sagnik Mukherjee , Jia Yi Zhang , Tong Zhang

Improving efficiency of importance sampler is at the center of research in Monte Carlo methods. While adaptive approach is usually difficult within the Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, the counterpart in importance sampling can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2007-12-11 Heng Lian

Probabilistic inference algorithms such as Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) provide powerful tools for constraining procedural models in computer graphics, but they require many samples to produce desirable results. In this paper, we show how…

Graphics · Computer Science 2016-10-17 Daniel Ritchie , Anna Thomas , Pat Hanrahan , Noah D. Goodman

We propose a novel sampling-based federated learning framework for statistical inference on M-estimators with non-smooth objective functions, which frequently arise in modern statistical applications such as quantile regression and AUC…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Xiudi Li , Lu Tian , Tianxi Cai

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) is a class of algorithms that approximate high-dimensional expectations of a Markov chain. SMC algorithms typically include a resampling step. There are many possible ways to resample, but the relative…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-01 Robert J. Webber

Reinforcement learning (RL) shows great potential in sequential decision-making. At present, mainstream RL algorithms are data-driven, which usually yield better asymptotic performance but much slower convergence compared with model-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yang Guan , Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Jie Li , Jianyu Chen , Bo Cheng

Bayesian reinforcement learning (BRL) encodes prior knowledge of the world in a model and represents uncertainty in model parameters by maintaining a probability distribution over them. This paper presents Monte Carlo BRL (MC-BRL), a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Yi Wang , Kok Sung Won , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

Many problems in the physical sciences, machine learning, and statistical inference necessitate sampling from a high-dimensional, multi-modal probability distribution. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, the ubiquitous tool for this…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-12 Marylou Gabrié , Grant M. Rotskoff , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

We introduce a novel framework for efficient sampling from complex, unnormalised target distributions by exploiting multiscale dynamics. Traditional score-based sampling methods either rely on learned approximations of the score function or…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-04 Paula Cordero-Encinar , Andrew B. Duncan , Sebastian Reich , O. Deniz Akyildiz

In this work, we propose a multi-agent actor-critic reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to accelerate the multi-level Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) sampling algorithms. The policies (actors) of the agents are used to generate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Eric Chung , Yalchin Efendiev , Wing Tat Leung , Sai-Mang Pun , Zecheng Zhang

Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically designed for discrete-time dynamics, even though the underlying real-world control systems are often continuous in time. In this paper, we study the problem of continuous-time reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Klemens Iten , Lenart Treven , Bhavya Sukhija , Florian Dörfler , Andreas Krause

Most prior work on active learning of classifiers has focused on sequentially selecting one unlabeled example at a time to be labeled in order to reduce the overall labeling effort. In many scenarios, however, it is desirable to label an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Javad Azimi , Alan Fern , Xiaoli Zhang-Fern , Glencora Borradaile , Brent Heeringa

Asymptotically-optimal motion planners such as RRT* have been shown to incrementally approximate the shortest path between start and goal states. Once an initial solution is found, their performance can be dramatically improved by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Daqing Yi , Rohan Thakker , Cole Gulino , Oren Salzman , Siddhartha Srinivasa

Sequence generation models are commonly refined with reinforcement learning over user-defined metrics. However, high gradient variance hinders the practical use of this method. To stabilize this method, we adapt to contextual generation of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-18 Xinjie Fan , Yizhe Zhang , Zhendong Wang , Mingyuan Zhou

In statistics and machine learning, approximation of an intractable integration is often achieved by using the unbiased Monte Carlo estimator, but the variances of the estimation are generally high in many applications. Control variates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-16 Ruosi Wan , Mingjun Zhong , Haoyi Xiong , Zhanxing Zhu

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods offer a principled approach to Bayesian uncertainty quantification but are traditionally limited by the need for full-batch gradient evaluations. We introduce a scalable variant by incorporating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Andrew Millard , Zheng Zhao , Joshua Murphy , Simon Maskell

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are powerful tools for modeling complex systems and extracting insights from data, but their training is hindered by the slow mixing of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) processes, especially with highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nicolas Béreux , Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner , Lorenzo Rosset , Beatriz Seoane

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a powerful method for drawing samples from non-standard probability distributions and is utilized across many fields and disciplines. Methods such as Metropolis-Adjusted Langevin (MALA) and Hamiltonian…

Computation · Statistics 2024-10-28 Lee Devlin , Paul Horridge , Peter L. Green , Simon Maskell

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is the generalization of standard reinforcement learning (RL) approaches to solve sequential decision making problems that consist of several, possibly conflicting, objectives. Generally, in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Xi Chen , Ali Ghadirzadeh , Mårten Björkman , Patric Jensfelt