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Recent end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems often utilize a Transformer-based acoustic encoder that generates embedding at a high frame rate. However, this design is inefficient, particularly for long speech signals due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Yuang Li , Yu Wu , Jinyu Li , Shujie Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in both automatic speech recognition (ASR) and text-to-speech (TTS) systems, gradually becoming the mainstream approach. However, most current approaches address these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Wenhao Guan , Zhikang Niu , Ziyue Jiang , Kaidi Wang , Peijie Chen , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li , Xie Chen

Text-to-speech (TTS) models have been widely adopted to enhance automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems using text-only corpora, thereby reducing the cost of labeling real speech data. Existing research primarily utilizes additional text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Jiawei Yu , Yuang Li , Xiaosong Qiao , Huan Zhao , Xiaofeng Zhao , Wei Tang , Min Zhang , Hao Yang , Jinsong Su

In this work, we upgrade FireRedTTS to a new version, FireRedTTS-1S, a high-quality streaming foundation text-to-speech system. FireRedTTS-1S achieves streaming speech generation via two steps: text-to-semantic decoding and…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hao-Han Guo , Yao Hu , Fei-Yu Shen , Xu Tang , Yi-Chen Wu , Feng-Long Xie , Kun Xie

Code-switching automatic speech recognition (CS-ASR) presents unique challenges due to language confusion introduced by spontaneous intra-sentence switching and accent bias that blurs the phonetic boundaries. Although the constituent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Hexin Liu , Haoyang Zhang , Qiquan Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang , Dongyuan Shi , Eng Siong Chng , Haizhou Li

Text-to-speech (TTS) technology has achieved impressive results for widely spoken languages, yet many under-resourced languages remain challenged by limited data and linguistic complexities. In this paper, we present a novel methodology…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Yizhong Geng , Jizhuo Xu , Zeyu Liang , Jinghan Yang , Xiaoyi Shi , Xiaoyu Shen

While controllable Text-to-Speech (TTS) has achieved notable progress, most existing methods remain limited to inter-utterance-level control, making fine-grained intra-utterance expression challenging due to their reliance on non-public…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qifan Liang , Yuansen Liu , Ruixin Wei , Nan Lu , Junchuan Zhao , Ye Wang

A Spoken dialogue system for an unseen language is referred to as Zero resource speech. It is especially beneficial for developing applications for languages that have low digital resources. Zero resource speech synthesis is the task of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-11 Karthik Pandia D S , Anusha Prakash , Mano Ranjith Kumar , Hema A Murthy

Reliable evaluation of modern zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) models remains challenging. Subjective tests are costly and hard to reproduce, while objective metrics often saturate, failing to distinguish SOTA systems. To address this, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Shengfan Shen , Di Wu , Xingchen Song , Dinghao Zhou , Liumeng Xue , Meng Meng , Jian Luan , Shuai Wang

We present the gradual style adaptor TTS (GSA-TTS) with a novel style encoder that gradually encodes speaking styles from an acoustic reference for zero-shot speech synthesis. GSA first captures the local style of each semantic sound unit.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Seokgi Lee , Jungjun Kim

Fast inference speed is an important goal towards real-world deployment of speech translation (ST) systems. End-to-end (E2E) models based on the encoder-decoder architecture are more suitable for this goal than traditional cascaded systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Hirofumi Inaguma , Yosuke Higuchi , Kevin Duh , Tatsuya Kawahara , Shinji Watanabe

Controlling speaking style in text-to-speech (TTS) systems has become a growing focus in both academia and industry. While many existing approaches rely on reference audio to guide style generation, such methods are often impractical due to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Haowei Lou , Hye-Young Paik , Wen Hu , Lina Yao

With the help of discrete neural audio codecs, large language models (LLM) have increasingly been recognized as a promising methodology for zero-shot Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis. However, sampling based decoding strategies bring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Bing Han , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Sanyuan Chen , Lingwei Meng , Yanming Qian , Yanqing Liu , Sheng Zhao , Jinyu Li , Furu Wei

We evaluate two non-autoregressive architectures, StyleTTS2 and F5-TTS, to address the spontaneous nature of in-the-wild speech. Our models utilize flexible duration modeling to improve prosodic naturalness. To handle acoustic noise, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Jose Giraldo , Alex Peiró-Lilja , Rodolfo Zevallos , Cristina España-Bonet

Contextual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems allow for recognizing out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words, such as named entities or rare words. However, it remains challenging due to limited training data and ambiguous or inconsistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Changsong Liu , Yizhou Peng , Eng Siong Chng

Cascaded speech-to-speech translation systems often suffer from the error accumulation problem and high latency, which is a result of cascaded modules whose inference delays accumulate. In this paper, we propose a transducer-based speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Jinzheng Zhao , Niko Moritz , Egor Lakomkin , Ruiming Xie , Zhiping Xiu , Katerina Zmolikova , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yashesh Gaur , Duc Le , Christian Fuegen

Dysarthric speech reconstruction (DSR) typically employs a cascaded system that combines automatic speech recognition (ASR) and sentence-level text-to-speech (TTS) to convert dysarthric speech into normally-prosodied speech. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minghui Wu , Haitao Tang , Jiahuan Fan , Ruizhi Liao , Yanyong Zhang

We present a case study on developing a customized speech-to-text system for a Hungarian speaker with severe dysarthria. State-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) models struggle with zero-shot transcription of dysarthric speech,…

This letter presents an incremental text-to-speech (TTS) method that performs synthesis in small linguistic units while maintaining the naturalness of output speech. Incremental TTS is generally subject to a trade-off between latency and…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Takaaki Saeki , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Hiroshi Saruwatari

The auto-regressive architecture, like GPTs, is widely used in modern Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems. However, it incurs substantial inference time, particularly due to the challenges in the next-token prediction posed by lengthy sequences of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Bohan Li , Hankun Wang , Situo Zhang , Yiwei Guo , Kai Yu