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In distributed optimization, the practical problem-solving performance is essentially sensitive to algorithm selection, parameter setting, problem type and data pattern. Thus, it is often laborious to acquire a highly efficient method for a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Daokuan Zhu , Tianqi Xu , Jie Lu

Diffusion Models (DMs), as a leading class of generative models, offer key advantages for reinforcement learning (RL), including multi-modal expressiveness, stable training, and trajectory-level planning. This survey delivers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Changfu Xu , Jianxiong Guo , Yuzhu Liang , Haiyang Huang , Haodong Zou , Xi Zheng , Shui Yu , Xiaowen Chu , Jiannong Cao , Tian Wang

We present a concise, self-contained derivation of diffusion-based generative models. Starting from basic properties of Gaussian distributions (densities, quadratic expectations, re-parameterisation, products, and KL divergences), we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sepehr Maleki , Negar Pourmoazemi

Diffusion models have made substantial advances in image generation, yet models trained on large, unfiltered datasets often yield outputs misaligned with human preferences. Numerous methods have been proposed to fine-tune pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Fu-Yun Wang , Yunhao Shui , Jingtan Piao , Keqiang Sun , Hongsheng Li

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

We address the problem of fine-tuning diffusion models for reward-guided generation in biomolecular design. While diffusion models have proven highly effective in modeling complex, high-dimensional data distributions, real-world…

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) captures FL settings where both (i) model updates and (ii) model aggregations are exclusively carried out by the clients without a central server. Existing DFL works have mostly focused on settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Shahryar Zehtabi , Dong-Jun Han , Rohit Parasnis , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Christopher G. Brinton

Diffusion language models are a promising alternative to autoregressive models, yet post-training methods for them largely adapt reward-maximizing objectives. We identify a central failure mode in this setting we call trajectory locking:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Saba Ahmadi , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Yufei Cui

Safe and effective motion planning is crucial for autonomous robots. Diffusion models excel at capturing complex agent interactions, a fundamental aspect of decision-making in dynamic environments. Recent studies have successfully applied…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Giwon Lee , Daehee Park , Jaewoo Jeong , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been extensively employed in a wide range of decision-making problems, such as games and robotics. Recently, diffusion policies have shown strong potential in modeling multi-modal behaviors, enabling more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ben Liu , Shunpeng Yang , Hua Chen

Particle flow (PFL) is an effective method for overcoming particle degeneracy, the main limitation of particle filtering. In PFL, particles are migrated towards regions of high likelihood based on the solution of a partial differential…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-16 Wenyu Zhang , Mohammad J. Khojasteh , Nikolay A. Atanasov , Florian Meyer

Decision-making stands as a pivotal component in the realm of autonomous vehicles (AVs), playing a crucial role in navigating the intricacies of autonomous driving. Amidst the evolving landscape of data-driven methodologies, enhancing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jiaqi Liu , Peng Hang , Xiaocong Zhao , Jianqiang Wang , Jian Sun

Generative Diffusion Models (GDMs), have made significant strides in modeling complex data distributions across diverse domains. Meanwhile, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has demonstrated substantial improvements in optimizing Wi-Fi…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Tie Liu , Xuming Fang , Rong He

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that map noise to data using stochastic processes. However, for many applications such as image editing, the model input comes from a distribution that is not random noise. As such, diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Samar Khanna , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for recommender systems, offering state-of-the-art performance by modeling the generative process of user-item interactions. However, training such models from scratch is both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yu Hou , Hua Li , Ha Young Kim , Won-Yong Shin

Addressing real-world optimization problems becomes particularly challenging when analytic objective functions or constraints are unavailable. While numerous studies have addressed the issue of unknown objectives, limited research has…

The online 3D bin packing problem is important in logistics, warehousing and intelligent manufacturing, with solutions shifting to deep reinforcement learning (DRL) which faces challenges like low sample efficiency. This paper proposes a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jie Han , Tong Li , Qingyang Xu , Yong Song , Bao Pang , Xianfeng Yuan

Federated learning has gained popularity as a means of training models distributed across the wireless edge. The paper introduces delay-aware hierarchical federated learning (DFL) to improve the efficiency of distributed machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Frank Po-Chen Lin , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Nicolò Michelusi , Christopher Brinton

We present a new algorithm to optimize distributions defined implicitly by parameterized stochastic diffusions. Doing so allows us to modify the outcome distribution of sampling processes by optimizing over their parameters. We introduce a…

Distributed diffusion is a powerful algorithm for multi-task state estimation which enables networked agents to interact with neighbors to process input data and diffuse information across the network. Compared to a centralized approach,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Jiani Li , Xenofon Koutsoukos