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Modern deep learning implementations for medical imaging usually rely on large labeled datasets. These datasets are often difficult to obtain due to privacy concerns, high costs, and even scarcity of cases. In this paper, a label-efficient…

We study multilabel classification of chest X-rays and present a simple, strong pipeline built on SE-ResNeXt101 $(32 \times 4d)$. The backbone is finetuned for 14 thoracic findings with a sigmoid head, trained using Multilabel Iterative…

When solving NLP tasks with limited labelled data, researchers typically either use a general large language model without further update, or use a small number of labelled samples to tune a specialised smaller model. In this work, we…

Automated diagnostic assistants in healthcare necessitate accurate AI models that can be trained with limited labeled data, can cope with severe class imbalances and can support simultaneous prediction of multiple disease conditions. To…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have consistently proven to achieve state-of-the-art results on a lot of imaging tasks over the past years' majority of which comprise of high-quality data. However, it is important to work on…

Radiologists usually observe anatomical regions of chest X-ray images as well as the overall image before making a decision. However, most existing deep learning models only look at the entire X-ray image for classification, failing to…

The increased availability of X-ray image archives (e.g. the ChestX-ray14 dataset from the NIH Clinical Center) has triggered a growing interest in deep learning techniques. To provide better insight into the different approaches, and their…

Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most common X-ray examination performed in daily clinical practice for the diagnosis of various heart and lung abnormalities. The large amount of data to be read and reported, with 100+ studies per day for a single…

Cytology slides are essential tools in diagnosing and staging cancer, but their analysis is time-consuming and costly. Foundation models have shown great potential to assist in these tasks. In this paper, we explore how existing foundation…

In biospectroscopy, suitably annotated and statistically independent samples (e. g. patients, batches, etc.) for classifier training and testing are scarce and costly. Learning curves show the model performance as function of the training…

Multi-label classification of chest X-ray images is frequently performed using discriminative approaches, i.e. learning to map an image directly to its binary labels. Such approaches make it challenging to incorporate auxiliary information…

Few-shot learning benchmarks are critical for evaluating modern NLP techniques. It is possible, however, that benchmarks favor methods which easily make use of unlabeled text, because researchers can use unlabeled text from the test set to…

Data scarcity is a major limiting factor for applying modern machine learning techniques to clinical tasks. Although sufficient data exists for some well-studied medical tasks, there remains a long tail of clinically relevant tasks with…

Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most frequently ordered imaging test, supporting diverse clinical tasks from thoracic disease detection to postoperative monitoring. However, task-specific classification models are limited in scope, require costly…

Free-text radiology reports present a rich data source for various medical tasks, but effectively labeling these texts remains challenging. Traditional rule-based labeling methods fall short of capturing the nuances of diverse free-text…

Developing robust and versatile deep-learning models is essential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding clinical interventions in medical imaging, but it requires a large amount of annotated data. The advancement of deep learning…

We propose a data collecting and annotation pipeline that extracts information from Vietnamese radiology reports to provide accurate labels for chest X-ray (CXR) images. This can benefit Vietnamese radiologists and clinicians by annotating…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The multiple chest x-ray datasets released in the last years have ground-truth labels intended for different computer vision tasks, suggesting that performance in automated chest-xray interpretation might improve…

Predicting all applicable labels for a given image is known as multi-label classification. Compared to the standard multi-class case (where each image has only one label), it is considerably more challenging to annotate training data for…

A major obstacle to the integration of deep learning models for chest x-ray interpretation into clinical settings is the lack of understanding of their failure modes. In this work, we first investigate whether there are patient subgroups…