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Large Language Models (LLMs), enhanced through agent tuning, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and tool utilization, significantly surpassing the performance of standalone models. However, the multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tianhong Gao , Yannian Fu , Weiqun Wu , Haixiao Yue , Shanshan Liu , Gang Zhang

The rapid advancement of generative audio models has outpaced the development of robust evaluation methodologies. Existing objective metrics and general multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often struggle with domain generalization,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Leying Zhang , Bowen Shi , Haibin Wu , Bach Viet Do , Yanmin Qian

We introduce Music Flamingo, a novel large audio-language model designed to advance music (including song) understanding in foundational audio models. While audio-language research has progressed rapidly, music remains challenging due to…

While integrating tools like Code Interpreter and Search has significantly enhanced Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning in models like ChatGPT Agent and Gemini-Pro, practical guidance on optimal tool use is lacking. The core challenge is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yongchao Chen , Jiefeng Chen , Rui Meng , Ji Yin , Na Li , Chuchu Fan , Chi Wang , Tomas Pfister , Jinsung Yoon

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) claim "musical understanding" via evaluations that conflate listening with score reading. We benchmark three SOTA LLMs (Gemini 2.5 Pro, Gemini 2.5 Flash, and Qwen2.5-Omni) across three core music…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Brandon James Carone , Iran R. Roman , Pablo Ripollés

We introduce Baichuan-Audio, an end-to-end audio large language model that seamlessly integrates audio understanding and generation. It features a text-guided aligned speech generation mechanism, enabling real-time speech interaction with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Tianpeng Li , Jun Liu , Tao Zhang , Yuanbo Fang , Da Pan , Mingrui Wang , Zheng Liang , Zehuan Li , Mingan Lin , Guosheng Dong , Jianhua Xu , Haoze Sun , Zenan Zhou , Weipeng Chen

This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and challenges in applying large language models to the field of audio signal processing. Audio processing, with its diverse signal representations and a wide…

Although current large audio language models (LALMs) extend text large language models (LLMs) with generic acoustic understanding abilities, they usually suffer from prompt sensitivity, where different instructions of the same intention can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Yiwei Guo , Bohan Li , Hankun Wang , Zhihan Li , Shuai Wang , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Long-form audio understanding poses significant challenges for large audio language models (LALMs) due to the extreme length of audio sequences and the need to reason over heterogeneous acoustic cues distributed over time, such as speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Masao Someki , Chien-yu Huang , Siddhant Arora , Samuele Cornell , Markus Müller , Nathan Susanj , Rupak V Swaminathan , Grant P Strimel , Jing Liu , Shinji Watanabe

Understanding the internal mechanisms of large audio-language models (LALMs) is crucial for interpreting their behavior and improving performance. This work presents the first in-depth analysis of how LALMs internally perceive and recognize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo Ho , Yi-Jyun Lee , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language models (LLM) have demonstrated the capability to handle a variety of generative tasks. This paper presents the UniAudio system, which, unlike prior task-specific approaches, leverages LLM techniques to generate multiple types…

Speech data has rich acoustic and paralinguistic information with important cues for understanding a speaker's tone, emotion, and intent, yet traditional large language models such as BERT do not incorporate this information. There has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Fatema Hasan , Yulong Li , James Foulds , Shimei Pan , Bishwaranjan Bhattacharjee

Current speech evaluation suffers from two critical limitations: the need and difficulty of designing specialized systems targeting individual audio characteristics, and poor correlation between automatic evaluation methods and human…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) represent an important frontier in multimodal AI, addressing diverse audio tasks. Recently, post-training of LALMs has received increasing attention due to significant performance improvements over…

As multimodal content continues to expand at a rapid pace, audio retrieval has emerged as a key enabling technology for media search, content organization, and intelligent assistants. However, most existing benchmarks concentrate on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Honglei Zhang , Yuting Chen , Chenpeng Hu , Siyue Zhang , Yilei Shi

How does textual representation of audio relate to the Large Language Model's (LLMs) learning about the audio world? This research investigates the extent to which LLMs can be prompted to generate audio, despite their primary training in…

Recent progress in multimodal models has spurred rapid advances in audio understanding, generation, and editing. However, these capabilities are typically addressed by specialized models, leaving the development of a truly unified framework…

The recent surge in open-source Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) frameworks, such as LLaVA, provides a convenient kickoff for artificial intelligence developers and researchers. However, most of the MLLM frameworks take vision as the…

Processing long-form audio is a major challenge for Large Audio Language models (LALMs). These models struggle with the quadratic cost of attention ($O(N^2)$) and with modeling long-range temporal dependencies. Existing audio benchmarks are…

While models in audio and speech processing are becoming deeper and more end-to-end, they as a consequence need expensive training on large data, and are often brittle. We build on a classical model of human hearing and make it…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Ruolan Leslie Famularo , Dmitry N. Zotkin , Shihab A. Shamma , Ramani Duraiswami
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