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Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) often suffer from audio-textual attention imbalance, prioritizing text over acoustic information, particularly in the multi-modal fusion layers of the Transformer architecture. This bias hinders their…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Junyu Wang , Ziyang Ma , Zhengding Luo , Tianrui Wang , Meng Ge , Xiaobao Wang , Longbiao Wang

With advancements in large audio-language models (LALMs), which enhance large language models (LLMs) with auditory capabilities, these models are expected to demonstrate universal proficiency across various auditory tasks. While numerous…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo S. Ho , Hung-yi Lee

This paper deals with improving querying large language models (LLMs). It is well-known that without relevant contextual information, LLMs can provide poor quality responses or tend to hallucinate. Several initiatives have proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Nripesh Niketan , Hadj Batatia

Recent advancements in large audio language models (LALMs) have demonstrated impressive results and promising prospects in universal understanding and reasoning across speech, music, and general sound. However, these models still lack the…

The maturation of Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) has raised growing expectations for them to comprehend complex audio much like humans. Current efforts primarily replicate text-based reasoning by contextualizing audio content through a…

Aligning pretrained audio encoders and Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a promising, parameter-efficient path to building powerful multimodal agents. However, existing methods often require costly full-model finetuning or rely on static…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ruitao Feng , Bixi Zhang , Sheng Liang , Zheng Yuan

Understanding and reasoning over non-speech sounds and music are crucial for both humans and AI agents to interact effectively with their environments. In this paper, we introduce Audio Flamingo 2 (AF2), an Audio-Language Model (ALM) with…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are expected to jointly interpret vision, audio, and language, yet existing video benchmarks rarely assess fine-grained reasoning about human speech. Many tasks remain visually solvable or only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Le Thien Phuc Nguyen , Zhuoran Yu , Samuel Low Yu Hang , Subin An , Jeongik Lee , Yohan Ban , SeungEun Chung , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , JuWan Maeng , Soochahn Lee , Yong Jae Lee

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs), such as GPT-4o, have recently unlocked audio dialogue capabilities, enabling direct spoken exchanges with humans. The potential of LALMs broadens their applicability across a wide range of practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kuofeng Gao , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Mental health disorders are increasingly prevalent worldwide, creating an urgent need for innovative tools to support early diagnosis and intervention. This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in multimodal mental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Abdelrahman A. Ali , Aya E. Fouda , Radwa J. Hanafy , Mohammed E. Fouda

Speech quality assessment typically requires evaluating audio from multiple aspects, such as mean opinion score (MOS) and speaker similarity (SIM) \etc., which can be challenging to cover using one small model designed for a single task. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Yudong Yang , Changli Tang , Yixuan Li , Jimin Zhuang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Recent Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) exhibit impressive capabilities in understanding audio content for conversational QA tasks. However, these models struggle to accurately understand timestamps for temporal localization (e.g.,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hualei Wang , Yiming Li , Shuo Ma , Hong Liu , Xiangdong Wang

This paper presents Step-Audio 2, an end-to-end multi-modal large language model designed for industry-strength audio understanding and speech conversation. By integrating a latent audio encoder and reasoning-centric reinforcement learning…

While multi-audio understanding is critical for large audio-language models (LALMs), it remains underexplored. We introduce MUGEN, a comprehensive benchmark evaluating this capability across speech, general audio, and music. Our experiments…

Artificial intelligence is reshaping scientific exploration, but most methods automate procedural tasks without engaging in scientific reasoning, limiting autonomy in discovery. We introduce Materials Agents for Simulation and Theory in…

While large language models have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities, their extension to the audio modality, particularly within large audio-language models (LALMs), remains underexplored. Addressing this gap requires a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xingjian Diao , Chunhui Zhang , Keyi Kong , Weiyi Wu , Chiyu Ma , Zhongyu Ouyang , Peijun Qing , Soroush Vosoughi , Jiang Gui

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. Despite the recent success, current LLMs are not capable of processing…

An ideal multimodal agent should be aware of the quality of its input modalities. Recent advances have enabled large language models (LLMs) to incorporate auditory systems for handling various speech-related tasks. However, most audio LLMs…

We present Audio Flamingo Next (AF-Next), the next-generation and most capable large audio-language model in the Audio Flamingo series, designed to advance understanding and reasoning over speech, environmental sounds and music. Compared to…

Large audio language models (ALMs) extend LLMs with auditory understanding. A common approach freezes the LLM and trains only an adapter on self-generated targets. However, this fails for reasoning LLMs (RLMs) whose built-in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Petr Grinberg , Hassan Shahmohammadi