Related papers: Directional replicability: when can the factor of …
Response-adaptive clinical trial designs allow targeting a given objective by skewing the allocation of participants to treatments based on observed outcomes. Response-adaptive designs face greater regulatory scrutiny due to potential type…
Meta-analyses are commonly performed based on random-effects models, while in certain cases one might also argue in favour of a common-effect model. One such case may be given by the example of two "study twins" that are performed according…
Background: The standard regulatory approach to assess replication success is the two-trials rule, requiring both the original and the replication study to be significant with effect estimates in the same direction. The sceptical p-value…
Replication studies estimate the replicability rate of scientific results by aggregating binary verdicts of experiments. Exact replications are rarely attainable, so most replication sequences are non-exact. Experiments differ in ways that…
The decomposition of the overall effect of a treatment into direct and indirect effects is here investigated with reference to a recursive system of binary random variables. We show how, for the single mediator context, the marginal effect…
We show that the length of a path in $ \mathbf{R}^2 $ can be computed if and only if its variation in every direction can.
We investigate replicable learning algorithms. Ideally, we would like to design algorithms that output the same canonical model over multiple runs, even when different runs observe a different set of samples from the unknown data…
We study the number of factorizations of a positive integer, where the parts of the factorization are of l different colors (or kinds). Recursive or explicit formulas are derived for the case of unordered and ordered, distinct and…
In several large-scale replication projects, statistically non-significant results in both the original and the replication study have been interpreted as a "replication success". Here we discuss the logical problems with this approach:…
Estimating the effect of a change in a particular risk factor and a chronic disease requires information on the risk factor from two time points; the enrolment and the first follow-up. When using observational data to study the effect of…
Reproducibility is a confused terminology. In this paper, I take a fundamental view on reproducibility rooted in the scientific method. The scientific method is analysed and characterised in order to develop the terminology required to…
We study the problem of estimating the distribution of effect sizes (the mean of the test statistic under the alternate hypothesis) in a multiple testing setting. Knowing this distribution allows us to calculate the power (type II error) of…
A polynomial of degree $n$ in two variables is shown to be uniquely determined by its Radon projections taken over $[n/2]+1$ parallel lines in each of the $(2[(n+1)/2]+1)$ equidistant directions along the unit circle.
Specimens are collected from $N$ different sources. Each specimen has probability $p$ of being contaminated, independently of the other specimens. We assume group testing is applicable, namely one can take small portions from several…
The analysis of low dimensional factorial designs with possible interactions is a relevant issue. Instead of the common pre-tests for interaction, a simultaneous inference procedure of the primary factor at the respective level of the…
The biduality and reflexivity theorems are known to hold for projective varieties defined over fields of characteristic zero, and to fail in positive characteristic. In this article, we construct a notion of reflexivity and biduality in…
In reinforcement learning, a decision needs to be made at some point as to whether it is worthwhile to carry on with the learning process or to terminate it. In many such situations, stochastic elements are often present which govern the…
We study a well-known problem concerning a random variable $Z$ uniformly distributed between two independent random variables. Two different extensions, conditionally directed power distribution and conditionally undirected power…
We study the structure of the support of a doubling measure by analyzing its self-similarity properties, which we estimate using a variant of the $L^1$ Wasserstein distance. We show that measure satisfying certain self-similarity conditions…
We consider a two dimensional reflecting random walk on the nonnegative integer quadrant. It is assumed that this reflecting random walk has skip free transitions. We are concerned with its time reversed process assuming that the stationary…