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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, code generation, and complex planning. Simultaneously, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have garnered attention for their potential to enable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Can Zheng , Yuhan Cao , Xiaoning Dong , Tianxing He

Large language model-based multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) effectively accomplish complex and dynamic tasks through inter-agent communication, but this reliance introduces substantial safety vulnerabilities. Existing attack methods targeting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Bingyu Yan , Ziyi Zhou , Xiaoming Zhang , Chaozhuo Li , Ruilin Zeng , Yirui Qi , Tianbo Wang , Litian Zhang

AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are being deployed at scale, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how the choice of backbone LLM affects agent security. The non-deterministic sequential nature of AI agents complicates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Julia Bazinska , Max Mathys , Francesco Casucci , Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Xander Davies , Alexandra Souly , Niklas Pfister

The current intrusion detection systems have a number of problems that limit their configurability, scalability and efficiency. There have been some propositions about distributed architectures based on multiple independent agents working…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-03 Jaydip Sen

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex tasks that are difficult for individual LLMs. A natural strategy is to scale performance by increasing the number of agents; however, we find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingxuan Yang , Chengrui Qu , Muning Wen , Laixi Shi , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang , Adam Wierman , Shangding Gu

Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) are increasingly applied to complex collaborative scenarios. However, their collaborative mechanisms may cause minor inaccuracies to gradually solidify into system-level false…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yizhe Xie , Congcong Zhu , Xinyue Zhang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Minfeng Qi , Huajie Chen , Wanlei Zhou

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) is rapidly accelerating the development of autonomous multi-agent systems (MAS), paving the way for the Internet of Agents. However, traditional centralized MAS architectures present significant…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yepeng Ding , Ahmed Twabi , Junwei Yu , Lingfeng Zhang , Tohru Kondo , Hiroyuki Sato

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the emergence of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to perform complex tasks through collaboration. However, the intricate nature of MAS, including their architecture and agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Liwen Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Shuai Wang , Zongjie Li , Zhenlan Ji , Zongyi Lyu , Daoyuan Wu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Multi-agent systems (MAS), composed of networks of two or more autonomous AI agents, have become increasingly popular in production deployments, yet introduce security risks that do not arise in single-agent settings. Even if individual…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ben Hagag , William L. Anderson , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Sarah Scheffler

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) unlock new potentials in distributed reasoning, collaboration, and task generalization but also introduce additional risks due to unguaranteed agreement, cascading uncertainty, and adversarial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Most LLM safety work studies single-agent models, but many real applications rely on multiple interacting agents. In these systems, prompt segmentation and inter-agent routing create attack surfaces that single-agent evaluations miss. We…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Qian Lou , Mengxin Zheng

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) are emerging as a compelling new paradigm for text generation, but their training-time security remains largely unexplored. Existing backdoor attacks on Gaussian diffusion models or autoregressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daniel Yiming Cao , Chengzhong Wang , Sheng-Yen Chou , Chengyu Huang , Pin-Yu Chen , Shengwei An

Recent surges in LLM-driven intelligent systems largely overlook decades of foundational multi-agent systems (MAS) research, resulting in frameworks with critical limitations such as centralization and inadequate trust and communication…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Michael J. Wooldridge , Attila Bagoly , Jonathan J. Ward , Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriel Paludo Licks

Agentic AI systems introduce a security surface that is qualitatively different from that of stateless LLMs. They persist memory, invoke external tools, coordinate with peer agents, and operate across sessions, allowing attacks to emerge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kexin Chu

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving into autonomous agents that cooperate across organizational boundaries, enabling joint disaster response, supply-chain optimization, and other tasks that demand decentralized expertise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Ronny Ko , Jiseong Jeong , Shuyuan Zheng , Chuan Xiao , Tae-Wan Kim , Makoto Onizuka , Won-Yong Shin

Recent studies have shown that cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (c-MADRL) is under the threat of backdoor attacks. Once a backdoor trigger is observed, it will perform malicious actions leading to failures or malicious…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Jing Fang , Saihao Yan , Xueyu Yin , Yinbo Yu , Chunwei Tian , Jiajia Liu

Multi-agent systems leverage advanced AI models as autonomous agents that interact, cooperate, or compete to complete complex tasks across applications such as robotics and traffic management. Despite their growing importance, safety in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Falong Fan , Xi Li

LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving complex tasks. Central to MAS is the communication topology which governs how agents exchange information internally. Consequently, the security of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yongxuan Wu , Xixun Lin , He Zhang , Nan Sun , Kun Wang , Chuan Zhou , Shirui Pan , Yanan Cao

A large amount of work has been done in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for modeling and solving problems with multiple interacting agents. However, most LLMs are pretrained independently and not specifically optimized for coordination. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shuo Liu , Tianle Chen , Zeyu Liang , Xueguang Lyu , Christopher Amato

In this paper, we consider the resilient multi-dimensional consensus and distributed optimization problems of multi-agent systems (MASs) in the presence of both agent-based and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The considered agent-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Hongjian Chen , Changyun Wen , Xiaolei Li