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In the last few years, considerable research efforts have focused on measuring and improving Starlink network performance, especially for user terminals (UTs) in stationary scenarios. However, the performance of Starlink networks in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jinwei Zhao , Jack Baude , Ali Ahangarpour , Vaibhava Krishna Devulapalli , Sree Ganesh Lalitaditya Divakarla , Zhi-Li Zhang , Jianping Pan

We consider a constellation of low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellites connected to a handheld device on the ground. Due to the very large orbital speed, an effective handover strategy becomes of paramount importance. In particular, we study the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Houcem Ben Salem , Alberto Tarable , Alessandro Nordio , Behrooz Makki

An important task within the broader goal of Space Situational Awareness (SSA) is to observe changes in the orbits of satellites, where the data spans thousands of objects over long time scales (decades). The Two-Line Element (TLE) data…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-20 David P. Shorten , Yang Yang , John Maclean , Matthew Roughan

Physical-layer security is regaining traction in the research community, due to the performance boost introduced by deep learning classification algorithms. This is particularly true for sender authentication in wireless communications via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Gabriele Oligeri , Simone Raponi , Savio Sciancalepore , Roberto Di Pietro

In recent years, LEO satellite constellations have become envisioned as a core component of the next-generation wireless communication networks. The successive establishment of mega satellite constellations has triggered further demands for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Megaconstellations of thousands to tens of thousands of artificial satellites (satcons) are rapidly being developed and launched. These satcons will have negative consequences for observational astronomy research, and are poised to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 S. M. Lawler , A. C. Boley , H. Rein

We present the largest survey to date characterising intended and unintended emission from Starlink satellites across the SKA-Low frequency range. This survey analyses ~76 million full sky images captured over ~29 days of observing with an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Dylan Grigg , Steven Tingay , Marcin Sokolowski

Starlink constellations are currently the largest LEO WAN and have seen considerable interest from the research community. In this paper, we use high-frequency and high-fidelity measurements to uncover evidence of hierarchical traffic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Hammas Bin Tanveer , Mike Puchol , Rachee Singh , Antonio Bianchi , Rishab Nithyanand

Modeling the brightness of satellites in large Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations can not only assist the astronomical community in assessing the impact of reflected light from satellites, optimizing observing schedules and guiding data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-16 Yao Lu

Since the late 1950s, when the first artificial satellite was launched, the number of Resident Space Objects has steadily increased. It is estimated that around one million objects larger than one cm are currently orbiting the Earth, with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-30 Francisco Caldas , Cláudia Soares

While thousands of satellites photograph Earth every day, most of that data never makes it to the ground because downlink bandwidth simply cannot keep up. Processing data in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) zone offers promising capabilities to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Thomas Sandholm , Bernardo A. Huberman , Klas Segeljakt , Paris Carbone

In recent years (2000-2021), human-space activities have been increasing faster than ever. More than 36000 Earth' orbiting objects, all larger than 10 cm, in orbit around the Earth, are currently tracked by the European Space Agency (ESA).…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 S. Aljbaae , J. Murcia-Pineros , A. F. B. A. Prado , R. V. Moraes , V. Carruba , G. A. Carita

Accurate and low-latency positioning is a key enabler for optical links with Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, where millisecond-level beam alignment is required to maintain reliable high-data-rate communication. This paper presents a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Rula Ammuri , Mazen Hasna , Khalid Qaraqe

The StarLight program conceptualizes fast interstellar travel via small wafer satellites (wafersats) that are propelled by directed energy. This process is wildly different from traditional space travel and trades large and slow spacecraft…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 James Bird , Linda Petzold , Philip Lubin , Julia Deacon

The increasing volume of space objects in Earth's orbit presents a significant challenge for Space Situational Awareness (SSA). And in particular, accurate orbit prediction is crucial to anticipate the position and velocity of space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Francisco Caldas , Cláudia Soares

Asteroseismology is the study of resonant oscillations of stars to infer their internal structure and dynamics. It is also a powerful tool for precisely determining stellar parameters such as mass, radius, surface gravity, and age. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-11 Nipun Ghanghas , Siddharth Dhanpal , Shravan Hanasoge , Praneeth Netrapalli , Karthikeyan Shanmugam

Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are crucial for communications, navigation, and Earth observation. However, their operational lifetimes are strongly influenced by orbital decay due to atmospheric drag. This work presents a simplified…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-08 Sukdev Mahapatra

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega constellations are beginning to include laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) to extend the Internet to the most remote locations on Earth. Since the process of establishing these links incurs a setup…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Dhiraj Bhattacharjee , Pablo G. Madoery , Aizaz U. Chaudhry , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Peng Hu , Khaled Ahmed , Stephane Martel

Low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations rely on inter-satellite links (ISLs) to provide global connectivity. We note that in addition to the general constellation parameters, the ISL spanning patterns are also greatly influence the final…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Xiangtong Wang , Xiaodong Han , Menglong Yang , Chuan Xing , Yuqi Wang , Songchen Han , Wei Li

In this paper, we investigate the coverage performance of downlink satellite networks employing dynamic coordinated beamforming. Our approach involves modeling the spatial arrangement of satellites and users using Poisson point processes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Daeun Kim , Jeonghun Park , Namyoon Lee