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Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

AI agents that build user interfaces on the fly assembling buttons, forms, and data displays from structured protocol payloads are becoming common in production systems. The trouble is that a payload can pass every schema check and still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mohd Safwan Uddin , Saba Hajira

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown astounding capabilities of code understanding and synthesis. In order to assess such capabilities, several benchmarks have been devised (e.g., HumanEval). However, most benchmarks focus on code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Julian Aron Prenner , Romain Robbes

The increasing adoption of agentic workflows across diverse domains brings a critical need to scalably and systematically evaluate the complex traces these systems generate. Current evaluation methods depend on manual, domain-specific human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Darshan Deshpande , Varun Gangal , Hersh Mehta , Jitin Krishnan , Anand Kannappan , Rebecca Qian

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications requiring complex, long-horizon workflows. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focus on atomic tasks that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Weixuan Wang , Dongge Han , Daniel Madrigal Diaz , Jin Xu , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

Autonomous AI agents powered by Large Language Models can reason, plan, and execute complex tasks, but their ability to autonomously retrieve information and run code introduces significant security risks. Existing approaches attempt to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Hongyi Lu , Nian Liu , Shuai Wang , Fengwei Zhang

Personal AI agents like OpenClaw run with elevated privileges on users' local machines, where a single successful prompt injection can leak credentials, redirect financial transactions, or destroy files. This threat goes well beyond…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Bowen Wei , Yunbei Zhang , Jinhao Pan , Kai Mei , Xiao Wang , Jihun Hamm , Ziwei Zhu , Yingqiang Ge

Anomalies represent deviations from the intended system operation and can lead to decreased efficiency as well as partial or complete system failure. As the causes of anomalies are often unknown due to complex system dynamics, efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Benjamin Lindemann , Benjamin Maschler , Nada Sahlab , Michael Weyrich

Agentic AI systems act through tools and evolve their behavior over long, stochastic interaction traces. This setting complicates assurance, because behavior depends on nondeterministic environments and probabilistic model outputs. Prior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Roham Koohestani , Ateş Görpelioğlu , Egor Klimov , Burcu Kulahcioglu Ozkan , Maliheh Izadi

In real world software development, improper or missing exception handling can severely impact the robustness and reliability of code. Exception handling mechanisms require developers to detect, capture, and manage exceptions according to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xuanming Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Yiming Zheng , Zhexin Zhang , Yuan Yuan , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned to align with human values often exhibit alignment drift, producing unsafe or policy-violating completions when exposed to adversarial prompts, decoding perturbations, or paraphrased jailbreaks. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Amitava Das , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

The tendency to find and exploit "shortcuts" to complete tasks poses significant risks for reliable assessment and deployment of large language models (LLMs). For example, an LLM agent with access to unit tests may delete failing tests…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ziqian Zhong , Aditi Raghunathan , Nicholas Carlini

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and agent system designs have empowered agents with unprecedented levels of capability. However, existing agent benchmarks are showing a trend of rapid ceiling-hitting by newly developed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Dadi Guo , Tianyi Zhou , Dongrui Liu , Chen Qian , Qihan Ren , Shuai Shao , Zhiyuan Fan , Yi R. Fung , Kun Wang , Linfeng Zhang , Jing Shao

Multi-agent systems achieve state-of-the-art outcomes through peer collaboration. However, when an agent in the pipeline silently drops a constraint, the system's final output may look correct even though the reasoning chain was quietly…

Code agents are advancing rapidly, but debugging them is becoming increasingly difficult. As frameworks orchestrate parallel tool calls and multi-stage workflows over complex tasks, making the agent's state transitions and error propagation…

Edge intelligence delivers low-latency inference, yet most edge analytics remain hard-coded and must be redeployed as conditions change. When data patterns shift or new questions arise, engineers often need to write new scripts and push…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chinmaya Kumar Dehury , Siddharth Singh Kushwaha , Qiyang Zhang , Alaa Saleh , Praveen Kumar Donta

We introduce a comprehensive validation framework for LLM-based agentic systems that provides systematic diagnosis and improvement of reliability failures. The framework includes fifteen failure-detection tools and two root-cause analysis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hadar Mulian , Sergey Zeltyn , Ido Levy , Liane Galanti , Avi Yaeli , Segev Shlomov

The enhanced capabilities of LLM-based agents come with an emergency for model planning and tool-use abilities. Attributing to helpful-harmless trade-off from LLM alignment, agents typically also inherit the flaw of "over-refusal", which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Xinyue Wang , Yuanhe Zhang , Zhengshuo Gong , Haoran Gao , Fanyu Meng , Zhenhong Zhou , Li Sun , Yang Liu , Sen Su

Automated Program Repair (APR) struggles with complex logic errors and silent failures. Current LLM-based APR methods are mostly static, relying on source code and basic test outputs, which fail to accurately capture complex runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiaqing Wu , Tong Wu , Manqing Zhang , Yunwei Dong , Bo Shen

As AI agents built on large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in society, issues of coordination, control, delegation, and accountability are entangled with concerns over their reliability. To design and implement LLM…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-09 R. Patrick Xian , Garry A. Gabison , Ahmed Alaa , Christoph Riedl , Grigorios G. Chrysos