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Multi-label text classification is a challenging task because it requires capturing label dependencies. It becomes even more challenging when class distribution is long-tailed. Resampling and re-weighting are common approaches used for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yi Huang , Buse Giledereli , Abdullatif Köksal , Arzucan Özgür , Elif Ozkirimli

Unsupervised feature selection aims to identify a compact subset of features that captures the intrinsic structure of data without supervised label. Most existing studies evaluate the performance of methods using the single-label dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Gyu-Il Kim , Dae-Won Kim , Jaesung Lee

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful zero- and few-shot learners. However, when predicting over a set of candidate options, LLMs suffer from label biases, and existing calibration methods overlook biases arising from multi-token class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mario Sanz-Guerrero , Katharina von der Wense

Semi-Supervised Text Classification (SSTC) mainly works under the spirit of self-training. They initialize the deep classifier by training over labeled texts; and then alternatively predict unlabeled texts as their pseudo-labels and train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Changchun Li , Ximing Li , Bingjie Zhang , Wenting Wang , Jihong Ouyang

Translated texts are distinctively different from original ones, to the extent that supervised text classification methods can distinguish between them with high accuracy. These differences were proven useful for statistical machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Ella Rabinovich , Shuly Wintner

Document alignment techniques based on multilingual sentence representations have recently shown state of the art results. However, these techniques rely on unsupervised distance measurement techniques, which cannot be fined-tuned to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Charith Rajitha , Lakmali Piyarathne , Dilan Sachintha , Surangika Ranathunga

Multi-label classification is a widely encountered problem in daily life, where an instance can be associated with multiple classes. In theory, this is a supervised learning method that requires a large amount of labeling. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 XIn Zhang , Yuqi Song , Fei Zuo , Xiaofeng Wang

We present a supervised learning algorithm for text categorization which has brought the team of authors the 2nd place in the text categorization division of the 2012 Cybersecurity Data Mining Competition (CDMC'2012) and a 3rd prize…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-07-11 Hubert Haoyang Duan , Vladimir Pestov , Varun Singla

Extreme classification tasks are multi-label tasks with an extremely large number of labels (tags). These tasks are hard because the label space is usually (i) very large, e.g. thousands or millions of labels, (ii) very sparse, i.e. very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Elham J. Barezi , Iacer Calixto , Kyunghyun Cho , Pascale Fung

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In multi-label text classification, each textual document can be assigned with one or more labels. Due to this nature, the multi-label text classification task is often considered to be more challenging compared to the binary or multi-class…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Jingcheng Du , Qingyu Chen , Yifan Peng , Yang Xiang , Cui Tao , Zhiyong Lu

Multi-task learning in text classification leverages implicit correlations among related tasks to extract common features and yield performance gains. However, most previous works treat labels of each task as independent and meaningless…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Honglun Zhang , Liqiang Xiao , Wenqing Chen , Yongkun Wang , Yaohui Jin

Word embeddings are effective intermediate representations for capturing semantic regularities between words, when learning the representations of text sequences. We propose to view text classification as a label-word joint embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Guoyin Wang , Chunyuan Li , Wenlin Wang , Yizhe Zhang , Dinghan Shen , Xinyuan Zhang , Ricardo Henao , Lawrence Carin

Many tasks in natural language processing can be viewed as multi-label classification problems. However, most of the existing models are trained with the standard cross-entropy loss function and use a fixed prediction policy (e.g., a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Jiawei Wu , Wenhan Xiong , William Yang Wang

Multi-label text classification is a popular machine learning task where each document is assigned with multiple relevant labels. This task is challenging due to high dimensional features and correlated labels. Multi-label text classifiers…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-03 Bingyu Wang , Cheng Li , Virgil Pavlu , Javed Aslam

We present a method for the classification of multi-labelled text documents explicitly designed for data stream applications that require to process a virtually infinite sequence of data using constant memory and constant processing time.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-13 Ricardo Ñanculef , Ilias Flaounas , Nello Cristianini

Recent success of large-scale pre-trained language models crucially hinge on fine-tuning them on large amounts of labeled data for the downstream task, that are typically expensive to acquire. In this work, we study self-training as one of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Subhabrata Mukherjee , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah

Machine learning-based multi-label medical text classifications can be used to enhance the understanding of the human body and aid the need for patient care. We present a broad study on clinical natural language processing techniques to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Vithya Yogarajan , Jacob Montiel , Tony Smith , Bernhard Pfahringer

Text classification of unseen classes is a challenging Natural Language Processing task and is mainly attempted using two different types of approaches. Similarity-based approaches attempt to classify instances based on similarities between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Tim Schopf , Daniel Braun , Florian Matthes

Neural text classification models typically treat output labels as categorical variables which lack description and semantics. This forces their parametrization to be dependent on the label set size, and, hence, they are unable to scale to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Nikolaos Pappas , James Henderson