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Quantum computing provides a new dimension in computation, utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics to potentially solve complex problems that are currently intractable for classical computers. However, little research has been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Mst Shamima Aktar , Peng Liang , Muhammad Waseem , Amjed Tahir , Aakash Ahmad , Beiqi Zhang , Zengyang Li

Foundation models (FMs) are rapidly reshaping medical imaging, shifting the field from narrowly trained, task-specific networks toward large, general-purpose models that can be adapted across modalities, anatomies, and clinical tasks. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Chuang Niu , Pengwei Wu , Bruno De Man , Ge Wang

Foundation models have demonstrated a great ability to achieve general human-level intelligence far beyond traditional approaches. As the technique keeps attracting attention from the AI community, an increasing number of foundation models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Shizhe Diao , Rui Pan , Hanze Dong , Ka Shun Shum , Jipeng Zhang , Wei Xiong , Tong Zhang

AI and its relevant technologies, including machine learning, deep learning, chatbots, virtual assistants, and others, are currently undergoing a profound transformation of development and organizational processes within companies.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Tingting Bi , Guangsheng Yu , Qin Wang

Foundational models (FMs) have made significant strides in the healthcare domain. Yet the data silo challenge and privacy concern remain in healthcare systems, hindering safe medical data sharing and collaborative model development among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zheling Tan , Kexin Ding , Jin Gao , Mu Zhou , Dimitris Metaxas , Shaoting Zhang , Dequan Wang

Modeling environmental ecosystems is essential for effective resource management, sustainable development, and understanding complex ecological processes. However, traditional data-driven methods face challenges in capturing inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Runlong Yu , Shengyu Chen , Yiqun Xie , Huaxiu Yao , Jared Willard , Xiaowei Jia

Artificial Intelligence systems, which benefit from the availability of large-scale datasets and increasing computational power, have become effective solutions to various critical tasks, such as natural language understanding, speech…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Zhou Yang , Chenyu Wang , Jieke Shi , Thong Hoang , Pavneet Kochhar , Qinghua Lu , Zhenchang Xing , David Lo

Foundational Models (FMs) are gaining increasing attention in the biomedical AI ecosystem due to their ability to represent and contextualize multimodal biomedical data. These capabilities make FMs a valuable tool for a variety of tasks,…

In recent years, Multi-modal Foundation Models (MFMs) and Embodied Artificial Intelligence (EAI) have been advancing side by side at an unprecedented pace. The integration of the two has garnered significant attention from the AI research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Min Zhang , Xian Fu , Jianye Hao , Peilong Han , Hao Zhang , Lei Shi , Hongyao Tang , Yan Zheng

Foundation models (FMs) are changing the way medical images are analyzed by learning from large collections of unlabeled data. Instead of relying on manually annotated examples, FMs are pre-trained to learn general-purpose visual features…

Source code repositories allow developers to manage multiple versions (or branches) of a software system. Pull-requests are used to modify a branch, and backporting is a regular activity used to port changes from a current development…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Debasish Chakroborti , Kevin A. Schneider , Chanchal K. Roy

Context: Software start-ups are emerging as suppliers of innovation and software-intensive products. However, traditional software engineering practices are not evaluated in the context, nor adopted to goals and challenges of start-ups. As…

Foundation models (FMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in generalized intelligence, multimodal understanding, and adaptive learning across a wide range of domains. However, their deployment in harsh or austere environments --…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Evan Chen , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Christopher G. Brinton , David J. Love

The release of ChatGPT, Gemini, and other large language model has drawn huge interests on foundations models. There is a broad consensus that foundations models will be the fundamental building blocks for future AI systems. However, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Jon Whittle

Foundation models (FMs), including large language models, have become increasingly popular due to their wide-ranging applicability and ability to understand human-like semantics. While previous research has explored the use of FMs in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Peiwen Jiang , Chao-Kai Wen , Xinping Yi , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Jun Zhang

Foundation models show great promise for generative tasks in many domains. Here we discuss the use of foundation models to generate structured documents related to critical assets. A Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) captures the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Karol Lynch , Fabio Lorenzi , John Sheehan , Duygu Kabakci-Zorlu , Bradley Eck

Foundation models (FMs) are recognized as a transformative breakthrough that has started to reshape the future of artificial intelligence (AI) across both academia and industry. The integration of FMs into wireless networks is expected to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Han Zhang , Mohammad Farzanullah , Mohammad Ghassemi , Akram Bin Sediq , Ali Afana , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Federated Learning (FL), a privacy-preserving machine learning framework, faces significant data-related challenges. For example, the lack of suitable public datasets leads to ineffective information exchange, especially in heterogeneous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xi Li , Chen Wu , Jiaqi Wang

Generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) models have revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP) with remarkable performance in various tasks and also extend their power to multimodal domains. Despite their success, large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Kaiyuan Gao , Sunan He , Zhenyu He , Jiacheng Lin , QiZhi Pei , Jie Shao , Wei Zhang

The democratization of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) allows users to fine-tune and deploy models on local infrastructure but exposes them to a First Mile deployment landscape. Unlike black-box API consumption, the reliability of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guangba Yu , Zirui Wang , Yujie Huang , Renyi Zhong , Yuedong Zhong , Yilun Wang , Michael R. Lyu