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The success of diffusion models has enabled effortless, high-quality image modifications that precisely align with users' intentions, thereby raising concerns about their potential misuse by malicious actors. Previous studies have attempted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Hohyun Na , Seunghoo Hong , Simon S. Woo

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have transformed multi-modal understanding, excelling in tasks like image captioning and visual question answering by integrating visual and textual inputs. However, their robustness against adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang , Changshuo Wang

Deep neural networks are proven to be vulnerable to fine-designed adversarial examples, and adversarial defense algorithms draw more and more attention nowadays. Pre-processing based defense is a major strategy, as well as learning robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Decheng Liu , Tao Chen , Chunlei Peng , Nannan Wang , Ruimin Hu , Xinbo Gao

The strategy of combining diffusion-based generative models with classifiers continues to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on adversarial robustness benchmarks. Known as adversarial purification, this exploits a diffusion model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 David D. Nguyen , The-Anh Ta , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Adversarial training is a common strategy for enhancing model robustness against adversarial attacks. However, it is typically tailored to the specific attack types it is trained on, limiting its ability to generalize to unseen threat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Fatemeh Amerehi , Patrick Healy

Convolutional Neural Networks have achieved significant success across multiple computer vision tasks. However, they are vulnerable to carefully crafted, human-imperceptible adversarial noise patterns which constrain their deployment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Aamir Mustafa , Salman H. Khan , Munawar Hayat , Jianbing Shen , Ling Shao

Adversarial purification is one of the promising approaches to defend neural networks against adversarial attacks. Recently, methods utilizing diffusion probabilistic models have achieved great success for adversarial purification in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mingkun Zhang , Jianing Li , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Adversarial purification refers to a class of defense methods that remove adversarial perturbations using a generative model. These methods do not make assumptions on the form of attack and the classification model, and thus can defend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Weili Nie , Brandon Guo , Yujia Huang , Chaowei Xiao , Arash Vahdat , Anima Anandkumar

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse tasks by jointly reasoning over textual and visual inputs. Despite their success, these models remain highly vulnerable to adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Guangzhi Su , Shuchang Huang , Yutong Ke , Zhuohang Liu , Long Qian , Kaizhu Huang

Diffusion models (DMs) have achieved remarkable success in text-to-image generation, but they also pose safety risks, such as the potential generation of harmful content and copyright violations. The techniques of machine unlearning, also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yimeng Zhang , Xin Chen , Jinghan Jia , Yihua Zhang , Chongyu Fan , Jiancheng Liu , Mingyi Hong , Ke Ding , Sijia Liu

Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP exhibit exceptional generalization across diverse downstream tasks. While recent studies reveal their vulnerability to adversarial attacks, research to date has primarily focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Wanqi Zhou , Shuanghao Bai , Danilo P. Mandic , Qibin Zhao , Badong Chen

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks but remain vulnerable to visual adversarial perturbations that can induce hallucinations, manipulate responses, or bypass safety mechanisms. Existing methods seek to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Hashmat Shadab Malik , Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar , Fahad Khan , Salman Khan

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), capable of processing text, images, and audio, have been widely adopted in various AI applications. However, recent MLLMs integrating images and text remain highly vulnerable to coordinated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zihao Wang , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Adversarial attacks can mislead neural network classifiers. The defense against adversarial attacks is important for AI safety. Adversarial purification is a family of approaches that defend adversarial attacks with suitable pre-processing.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Boya Zhang , Weijian Luo , Zhihua Zhang

Multi-Modal Language Models (MLLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by combining visual and text data, making applications like image captioning, visual question answering, and multi-modal content creation possible. This ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Pete Janowczyk , Linda Laurier , Ave Giulietta , Arlo Octavia , Meade Cleti

While foundation models demonstrate impressive performance across various tasks, they remain vulnerable to adversarial inputs. Current research explores various approaches to enhance model robustness, with Diffusion Denoised Smoothing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yury Belousov , Brian Pulfer , Vitaliy Kinakh , Slava Voloshynovskiy

Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant success, their vulnerability to adversarial perturbations, including recent jailbreak attacks, has raised considerable concerns. However, the increasing size of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Jiabao Ji , Bairu Hou , Zhen Zhang , Guanhua Zhang , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li , Yang Zhang , Gaowen Liu , Sijia Liu , Shiyu Chang

In recent years, despite significant advancements in adversarial attack research, the security challenges in cross-modal scenarios, such as the transferability of adversarial attacks between infrared, thermal, and RGB images, have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Yunpeng Gong , Qingyuan Zeng , Dejun Xu , Zhenzhong Wang , Min Jiang

This paper presents ThinkDiff, a novel alignment paradigm that empowers text-to-image diffusion models with multimodal in-context understanding and reasoning capabilities by integrating the strengths of vision-language models (VLMs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenxing Mi , Kuan-Chieh Wang , Guocheng Qian , Hanrong Ye , Runtao Liu , Sergey Tulyakov , Kfir Aberman , Dan Xu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across multimodal tasks, yet remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass built-in safety mechanisms to elicit restricted content generation. Existing black-box…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lei Jiang , Zixun Zhang , Zizhou Wang , Xiaobing Sun , Zhen Li , Liangli Zhen , Xiaohua Xu