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Despite exceptional predictive performance of Deep sequence models (DSMs), the main concern of their deployment centers around the lack of uncertainty awareness. In contrast, probabilistic models quantify the uncertainty associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenlong Chen

In the case of informative sampling the sampling scheme explicitly or implicitly depends on the response variable. As a result, the sample distribution of response variable can- not be used for making inference about the population. In this…

Applications · Statistics 2016-11-18 Anna Sikov

Science and technology have a growing need for effective mechanisms that ensure reliable, controlled performance from black-box machine learning algorithms. These performance guarantees should ideally hold conditionally on the input-that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Vincent Blot , Anastasios N Angelopoulos , Michael I Jordan , Nicolas J-B Brunel

We consider learning to optimize a classification metric defined by a black-box function of the confusion matrix. Such black-box learning settings are ubiquitous, for example, when the learner only has query access to the metric of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Gaurush Hiranandani , Jatin Mathur , Harikrishna Narasimhan , Mahdi Milani Fard , Oluwasanmi Koyejo

This article makes discrete masked models for the generative modeling of discrete data controllable. The goal is to generate samples of a discrete random variable that adheres to a posterior distribution, satisfies specific constraints, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wei Guo , Yuchen Zhu , Molei Tao , Yongxin Chen

We formulate the inverse problem in a Bayesian framework and aim to train a generative model that allows us to simulate (i.e., sample from the likelihood) and do inference (i.e., sample from the posterior). We review the use of triangular…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-05 Tristan van Leeuwen , Christoph Brune , Marcello Carioni

Gaussian processes are a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty and for sequential decision-making but are limited by the requirement of solving linear systems. In general, this has a cubic cost in dataset size and is sensitive to…

Beam search is the default decoding strategy for many sequence generation tasks in NLP. The set of approximate K-best items returned by the algorithm is a useful summary of the distribution for many applications; however, the candidates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Clara Meister , Afra Amini , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell

This work presents a novel simulation-based approach for constructing confidence regions in parametric models, which is particularly suited for generative models and situations where limited data and conventional asymptotic approximations…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-22 Elena Bortolato , Laura Ventura

Prior information often takes the form of parameter constraints. Bayesian methods include such information through prior distributions having constrained support. By using posterior sampling algorithms, one can quantify uncertainty without…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-25 Leo L Duan , Alexander L Young , Akihiko Nishimura , David B Dunson

Given a multivariate function taking deterministic and uncertain inputs, we consider the problem of estimating a quantile set: a set of deterministic inputs for which the probability that the output belongs to a specific region remains…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-25 Romain Ait Abdelmalek-Lomenech , Julien Bect , Emmanuel Vazquez

Quantum denoising diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for generative quantum machine learning. In this work, we extend these models by introducing a conditioning mechanism that enables the generation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Daniel Quinn , Lorenzo Buffoni , Stefano Gherardini , Gabriele De Chiara

Discovering statistically significant patterns from databases is an important challenging problem. The main obstacle of this problem is in the difficulty of taking into account the selection bias, i.e., the bias arising from the fact that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-10 Shinya Suzumura , Kazuya Nakagawa , Mahito Sugiyama , Koji Tsuda , Ichiro Takeuchi

Bayesian optimization is a powerful tool for expensive stochastic black-box optimization problems such as simulation-based optimization or machine learning hyperparameter tuning. Many stochastic objective functions implicitly require a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-22 Michael Pearce , Matthias Poloczek , Juergen Branke

We study the inductive biases of diffusion models with a conditioning-variable, which have seen widespread application as both text-conditioned generative image models and observation-conditioned continuous control policies. We observe that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Daniel Pfrommer , Zehao Dou , Christopher Scarvelis , Max Simchowitz , Ali Jadbabaie

We propose a machine-learning algorithm for Bayesian inverse problems in the function-space regime based on one-step generative transport. Building on the Mean Flows, we learn a fully conditional amortized sampler with a neural-operator…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-17 Zilan Cheng , Li-Lian Wang , Zhongjian Wang

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) is able to make flexible conditional image generation from prior noise to real data, by introducing an independent noise-aware classifier to provide conditional gradient guidance at each time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Shengming Li , Guangcong Zheng , Hui Wang , Taiping Yao , Yang Chen , Shoudong Ding , Xi Li

Deep learning model effectiveness in classification tasks is often challenged by the quality and quantity of training data whenever they are affected by strong spurious correlations between specific attributes and target labels. This…

Bayesian optimization is a coherent, ubiquitous approach to decision-making under uncertainty, with applications including multi-arm bandits, active learning, and black-box optimization. Bayesian optimization selects decisions (i.e.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Samuel Stanton , Wesley Maddox , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Density regression provides a flexible strategy for modeling the distribution of a response variable $Y$ given predictors $\mathbf{X}=(X_1,\ldots,X_p)$ by letting that the conditional density of $Y$ given $\mathbf{X}$ as a completely…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-07 Weining Shen , Subhashis Ghosal
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