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Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have aimed to integrate and interpret data across diverse modalities. However, the capacity of these models to concurrently process and reason about multiple modalities remains…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on mathematical reasoning under well-defined conditions. However, real-world engineering problems involve uncertainty, context, and open-ended settings that extend beyond symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xiyuan Zhou , Xinlei Wang , Yirui He , Yang Wu , Ruixi Zou , Yuheng Cheng , Yulu Xie , Wenxuan Liu , Huan Zhao , Yan Xu , Jinjin Gu , Junhua Zhao

Recent years have seen rapid advances in AI-driven image generation. Early diffusion models emphasized perceptual quality, while newer multimodal models like GPT-4o-image integrate high-level reasoning, improving semantic understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yifan Chang , Yukang Feng , Jianwen Sun , Jiaxin Ai , Chuanhao Li , S. Kevin Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang

The ability to perform Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning marks a major milestone for multimodal models (MMs), enabling them to solve complex visual reasoning problems. Yet a critical question remains: is such reasoning genuinely grounded in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jusheng Zhang , Kaitong Cai , Xiaoyang Guo , Sidi Liu , Qinhan Lv , Ruiqi Chen , Jing Yang , Yijia Fan , Xiaofei Sun , Jian Wang , Ziliang Chen , Liang Lin , Keze Wang

Based on powerful Large Language Models (LLMs), recent generative Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained prominence as a pivotal research area, exhibiting remarkable capability for both comprehension and generation. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Bohao Li , Rui Wang , Guangzhi Wang , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan

Recent progress in text-to-image (T2I) generation underscores the importance of reliable benchmarks in evaluating how accurately generated images reflect the semantics of their textual prompt. However, (1) existing benchmarks lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yibin Wang , Zhimin Li , Yuhang Zang , Jiazi Bu , Yujie Zhou , Yi Xin , Junjun He , Chunyu Wang , Qinglin Lu , Cheng Jin , Jiaqi Wang

Unified models capable of interleaved generation have emerged as a promising paradigm, with the community increasingly converging on autoregressive modeling for text and flow matching for image generation. To advance this direction, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jie Liu , Zilyu Ye , Linxiao Yuan , Shenhan Zhu , Yu Gao , Jie Wu , Kunchang Li , Xionghui Wang , Xiaonan Nie , Weilin Huang , Wanli Ouyang

With the powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), many recent works have explored using them for decision-making. However, most of these approaches rely solely on language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihao Sun , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Yu , Pierre-Luc Bacon

Medical imaging provides critical evidence for clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and surgical decisions, yet most existing imaging models are narrowly focused and require multiple specialized networks, limiting their generalization.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Guoxin Wang , Jun Zhao , Xinyi Liu , Yanbo Liu , Xuyang Cao , Chao Li , Zhuoyun Liu , Qintian Sun , Fangru Zhou , Haoqiang Xing , Zhenhong Yang

AI models have achieved state-of-the-art results in textual reasoning; however, their ability to reason over spatial and relational structures remains a critical bottleneck -- particularly in early-grade maths, which relies heavily on…

Multimodal retrieval-augmented Generation (MM-RAG) is a key approach for applying large language models (LLMs) and agents to real-world knowledge bases, yet current evaluations are fragmented -- focusing on either text or images in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Xiangyu Peng , Can Qin , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

The rapid integration of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) into critical domains necessitates comprehensive moral evaluation to ensure their alignment with human values. While extensive research has addressed moral evaluation in LLMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Bei Yan , Jie Zhang , Zhiyuan Chen , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Recent advances in vision-language pre-training have enabled machines to perform better in multimodal object discrimination (e.g., image-text semantic alignment) and image synthesis (e.g., text-to-image generation). On the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Xiao Dong , Runhui Huang , Xiaoyong Wei , Zequn Jie , Jianxing Yu , Jian Yin , Xiaodan Liang

End-to-end text-image machine translation (TIMT), which directly translates textual content in images across languages, is crucial for real-world multilingual scene understanding. Despite advances in vision-language large models (VLLMs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Gengluo Li , Chengquan Zhang , Yupu Liang , Huawen Shen , Yaping Zhang , Pengyuan Lyu , Weinong Wang , Xingyu Wan , Gangyan Zeng , Han Hu , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

Recently, unified multimodal models (UMMs) have made remarkable progress in integrating visual understanding and generation, demonstrating strong potential for complex text-to-image (T2I) tasks. Despite their theoretical promise, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jiadong Pan , Liang Li , Yuxin Peng , Yu-Ming Tang , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Qingming Huang , Haifeng Wang

Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in text-to-image generation (T2I) and editing (TI2I), whether instantiated as assembled unified frameworks which couple powerful vision-language model (VLM) with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuxin Song , Wenkai Dong , Shizun Wang , Qi Zhang , Song Xue , Tao Yuan , Hu Yang , Haocheng Feng , Hang Zhou , Xinyan Xiao , Jingdong Wang

The rapid evolution of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has catalyzed a shift in computer vision from specialized models to general-purpose foundation models. Nevertheless, there is still an inadequacy in assessing the abilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Haoning Wu , Zicheng Zhang , Erli Zhang , Chaofeng Chen , Liang Liao , Annan Wang , Chunyi Li , Wenxiu Sun , Qiong Yan , Guangtao Zhai , Weisi Lin

With the rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across a variety of vision-language tasks. However, current evaluation benchmarks predominantly focus on objective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Haokun Li , Yazhou Zhang , Jizhi Ding , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are proficient in perception and instruction-following, but they still struggle with spatial reasoning: the ability to mentally track and manipulate objects across multiple views and over time.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ryan Spencer , Roey Yaari , Ritvik Vemavarapu , Joyce Yang , Steven Ngo , Utkarsh Sharma

Existing visual reasoning benchmarks predominantly rely on natural language prompts, evaluate narrow reasoning modalities, or depend on subjective scoring procedures such as LLM-as-judge. We introduce the TACIT Benchmark, a programmatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daniel Nobrega Medeiros