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Several earlier studies have shown impressive control performance in complex robotic systems by designing the controller using a neural network and training it with model-free reinforcement learning. However, these outstanding controllers…

In reinforcement learning for legged robot locomotion, crafting effective reward strategies is crucial. Pre-defined gait patterns and complex reward systems are widely used to stabilize policy training. Drawing from the natural locomotion…

Legged robots are promising candidates for exploring challenging areas on low-gravity bodies such as the Moon, Mars, or asteroids, thanks to their advanced mobility on unstructured terrain. However, as planetary robots' power and thermal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Philip Arm , Oliver Fischer , Joseph Church , Adrian Fuhrer , Hendrik Kolvenbach , Marco Hutter

Robotics Reinforcement Learning (RL) often relies on carefully engineered auxiliary rewards to supplement sparse primary learning objectives to compensate for the lack of large-scale, real-world, trial-and-error data. While these auxiliary…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Linji Wang , Tong Xu , Yuanjie Lu , Xuesu Xiao

Mastering robotic manipulation skills through reinforcement learning (RL) typically requires the design of shaped reward functions. Recent developments in this area have demonstrated that using sparse rewards, i.e. rewarding the agent only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Ozsel Kilinc , Giovanni Montana

Multi-legged robots offer enhanced stability in complex terrains, yet autonomously learning natural and robust motions in such environments remains challenging. Drawing inspiration from animals' progressive learning patterns, from simple to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yinghui Li , Jinze Wu , Xin Liu , Weizhong Guo , Yufei Xue

Legged robots are physically capable of traversing a wide range of challenging environments, but designing controllers that are sufficiently robust to handle this diversity has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Laura Smith , J. Chase Kew , Xue Bin Peng , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Sergey Levine

Controlling a non-statically bipedal robot is challenging due to the complex dynamics and multi-criterion optimization involved. Recent works have demonstrated the effectiveness of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for simulation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Changxin Huang , Guangrun Wang , Zhibo Zhou , Ronghui Zhang , Liang Lin

Designing control policies for legged locomotion is complex due to the under-actuated and non-continuous robot dynamics. Model-free reinforcement learning provides promising tools to tackle this challenge. However, a major bottleneck of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Tsung-Yen Yang , Tingnan Zhang , Linda Luu , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu

This research focuses on developing reinforcement learning approaches for the locomotion generation of small-size quadruped robots. The rat robot NeRmo is employed as the experimental platform. Due to the constrained volume, small-size…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xinhui Shan , Yuhong Huang , Zhenshan Bing , Zitao Zhang , Xiangtong Yao , Kai Huang , Alois Knoll

The paper presents a technique using reinforcement learning (RL) to adapt the control gains of a quadcopter controller. Specifically, we employed Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to train a policy which adapts the gains of a cascaded…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Mike Timmerman , Aryan Patel , Tim Reinhart

Reinforcement learning has become an essential algorithm for generating complex robotic behaviors. However, to learn such behaviors, it is necessary to design a reward function that describes the task, which often consists of multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yu Ishihara , Noriaki Takasugi , Kotaro Kawakami , Masaya Kinoshita , Kazumi Aoyama

Controlling a biped robot to walk stably is a challenging task considering its nonlinearity and hybrid dynamics. Reinforcement learning can address these issues by directly mapping the observed states to optimal actions that maximize the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Kuangen Zhang , Zhimin Hou , Clarence W. de Silva , Haoyong Yu , Chenglong Fu

Training reinforcement learning (RL) policies for legged robots remains challenging due to high-dimensional continuous actions, hardware constraints, and limited exploration. Existing methods for locomotion and whole-body control work well…

This paper presents a method for achieving high-speed running of a quadruped robot by considering the actuator torque-speed operating region in reinforcement learning. The physical properties and constraints of the actuator are included in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Young-Ha Shin , Tae-Gyu Song , Gwanghyeon Ji , Hae-Won Park

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) based quadrupedal locomotion control has emerged as an extensively researched field, driven by the potential advantages of autonomous learning and adaptation compared to traditional control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Maurya Gurram , Prakash Kumar Uttam , Shantipal S. Ohol

Learning controllers that reproduce legged locomotion in nature has been a long-time goal in robotics and computer graphics. While yielding promising results, recent approaches are not yet flexible enough to be applicable to legged systems…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Daniel Ordonez-Apraez , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Mario Martin

Position controllers have become the dominant interface for executing learned manipulation policies. Yet a critical design decision remains understudied: how should we choose controller gains for policy learning? The conventional wisdom is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Antonia Bronars , Younghyo Park , Pulkit Agrawal

This work introduces a model-free reinforcement learning framework that enables various modes of motion (quadruped, tripod, or biped) and diverse tasks for legged robot locomotion. We employ a motion-style reward based on a relaxed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Gijeong Kim , Yong-Hoon Lee , Hae-Won Park

Reinforcement learning agents are fundamentally limited by the quality of the reward functions they learn from, yet reward design is often overlooked under the assumption that a well-defined reward is readily available. However, in…

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